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Efficient Reduction of Landsat TM Memory Effect Using Differential State Equation

机译：利用微分状态方程有效降低Landsat TM记忆效应

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摘要

In Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) images, banding due to memory effect (ME) often appears every 16 lines at both sides of a bright object such as a cloud, which not only visually degrades the images but also makes quantitative analysis difficult. The ME is induced by an electric circuit connecting the detectors to the analog/digital converter. Based on the impulse response of the circuit, a restoration filter was proposed to correct the banding, but it must be truncated for improving computational efficiency. This paper proposes an efficient and exact correction algorithm by modeling an offset voltage of a preamplifier as a first-order differential equation. It is shown that the same impulse response is derived from the differential equation. As the differential equation can keep track of the offset voltage as a state variable, the ME of the preamplifier circuit can be corrected not only effectively but also seamlessly by taking the internal calibration interval and calibration lamp status into consideration. The parameters of the circuit are estimated from nighttime unprocessed TM data of 1996, and they are used to correct daytime data of the same year. It is shown that the proposed state-space approach is more computationally efficient than the previous restoration-filter approach.
机译：在Landsat Thematic Mapper（TM）图像中，由于记忆效应（ME）引起的条纹经常每隔16条线出现在明亮物体（如云）的两侧，这不仅在视觉上降低了图像质量，而且使定量分析变得困难。 ME由将检测器连接到模拟/数字转换器的电路来感应。基于电路的脉冲响应，提出了一种恢复滤波器来校正频带，但是必须将其截断以提高计算效率。通过将前置放大器的失调电压建模为一阶微分方程，提出了一种高效且精确的校正算法。结果表明，从微分方程中得出了相同的脉冲响应。由于微分方程可以跟踪偏移电压作为状态变量，因此可以考虑内部校准间隔和校准灯状态，从而不仅可以有效地而且可以无缝地校正前置放大器电路的ME。该电路的参数是根据1996年夜间未处理的TM数据估算的，用于校正同一年的白天数据。结果表明，提出的状态空间方法比以前的恢复滤波器方法具有更高的计算效率。

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