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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing >Azimuthal anisotropy of scatterometer measurements over land
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Azimuthal anisotropy of scatterometer measurements over land

机译：陆地上散射仪测量的方位各向异性

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Studies of the Earth's land surface involving scatterometers are becoming an increasingly important application field of microwave remote sensing. Similarly to scatterometer observations of ocean waves, the backscattering coefficient (/spl sigma//sup 0/) response of land surfaces depends on both the incidence and azimuth angle under which the observations are made. In order to retrieve geophysical parameters from scatterometer data, it is necessary to account for azimuthal-modulation effects of the backscattered signal. In the present study, this paper localizes the regions affected by a strong azimuthal signal dependence when observed with the European Remote Sensing Satellite Scatterometer and the SeaWinds Scatterometer on QuikSCAT (QSCAT). The possible physical reasons for the azimuthal effects, relating the very detailed QSCAT azimuthal response to the spatial orientation of special topographic features and land cover within the sensor footprint, were then discussed. Different methods for normalizing the backscattering coefficient with respect of observation azimuth angle were also proposed and evaluated. First, the mean local incidence angle of the sensor footprint using the shuttle radar topography mission digital elevation model (DEM) were modeled and concluded that the resolution of the DEM is too coarse to characterize most of the observed azimuthal effects. A more effective way of normalizing the backscatter with respect to azimuth is then found to be by using historical backscatter observations to statistically determine the expected backscatter at each observation azimuth and incidence angle as well as time of the year. The efficiency of this method is limited to the availability of past measurements for each location on the Earth.
机译：涉及散射仪的地球陆地表面研究正在成为微波遥感越来越重要的应用领域。与海浪散射仪观测类似，陆地表面的后向散射系数（/ spl sigma // sup 0 /）响应取决于观测的入射角和方位角。为了从散射仪数据中检索地球物理参数，必须考虑反向散射信号的方位调制效应。在本研究中，当使用QuikSCAT（QSCAT）上的欧洲遥感卫星散射仪和SeaWinds散射仪观察时，本文将定位受强方位角信号依赖性影响的区域。然后讨论了方位效应的可能的物理原因，将非常详细的QSCAT方位响应与传感器足迹内特殊地形特征和土地覆盖的空间方向相关联。还提出并评估了用于相对于观测方位角归一化后向散射系数的不同方法。首先，使用穿梭雷达地形任务数字高程模型（DEM）对传感器足迹的平均局部入射角进行建模，并得出结论，DEM的分辨率太粗糙，无法表征大多数观察到的方位角效应。然后发现一种相对于方位角归一化的更有效方法是通过使用历史反向散射观测值来统计确定每个观测方位角和入射角以及一年中的时间的预期反向散射。这种方法的效率受限于地球上每个位置的过去测量结果的可用性。

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