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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing >Simulation study of view angle effects on thermal infrared measurements over heterogeneous surfaces
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Simulation study of view angle effects on thermal infrared measurements over heterogeneous surfaces

机译：视角对异质表面热红外测量影响的仿真研究

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The issue of deriving cross-scale aggregation rules has been extensively investigated over the last two decades. A widely used approach consists of formulating grid-scale surface radiances using the same equations that govern the patch-scale behavior but whose arguments are the aggregate expressions of those at the patch-scale. This approach derives the area-averaged or effective radiative surface temperature as might be observed using low spatial resolution satellite data. The problem however is that such satellite data exhibit large directional effects and no study has addressed this issue. The present work tackles this problem in the thermal infrared domain. The directional effects are studied by modeling. Thus, an infrared sensor observing a two-dimensional (2-D) heterogeneous plane surface is modeled. The 2-D heterogeneous plane surface is simulated by a grid with two homogeneous elements (vegetation-bare soil). The angular properties of the local surfaces, assumed homogeneous, are calculated by a multiple scattering model. The equivalent angular radiance of the complete heterogeneous scene is then determined by applying the aggregation method. This radiance is very sensitive to the surface heterogeneity, especially when the spatial variation of the surface temperature is significant and when the directional behavior of the surface is non-Lambertian. As a result, an angular variation of 6% on radiance was obtained on a heterogenous surface between a zenith angle of 70/spl deg/ and on-nadir measurements.
机译：在过去的二十年中，已经广泛研究了推导跨尺度聚合规则的问题。广泛使用的方法包括使用相同的方程式来制定网格规模的表面辐射，这些方程控制斑块规模的行为，但其论据是那些斑块规模的集合表达式。这种方法可以得出面积平均值或有效辐射表面温度，如使用低空间分辨率卫星数据可能会观察到的那样。然而，问题在于这种卫星数据表现出很大的方向性，尚无研究解决该问题。目前的工作在热红外领域解决了这个问题。通过建模研究定向效应。因此，对观察二维（2-D）异质平面的红外传感器进行建模。通过具有两个均质元素（裸露的土壤）的网格来模拟二维异质平面。通过多重散射模型计算假定均质的局部表面的角特性。然后，通过应用聚合方法确定整个异构场景的等效角辐射度。该辐射对表面异质性非常敏感，尤其是在表面温度的空间变化显着且表面的方向行为不是朗伯型时。结果，在70 / spl deg /的天顶角和天底测量之间，在异质表面上获得了6％的辐射角变化。

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