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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing. >Relationships between rainfall rate and 35-GHz attenuation and differential attenuation: modeling the effects of raindrop size distribution, canting, and oscillation
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Relationships between rainfall rate and 35-GHz attenuation and differential attenuation: modeling the effects of raindrop size distribution, canting, and oscillation

机译：降雨率与35 GHz衰减和微分衰减之间的关系：模拟雨滴大小分布，倾斜和振荡的影响

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摘要

Power law relationships of the form R=aA/sup b/ are derived, where R is the rainfall rate, and A is the 35-GHz specific attenuation A/sub h/ or specific differential attenuation /spl Delta/A=A/sub h/-A/sub v/, where the subscripts h and v indicate horizontal and vertical polarizations. The effects of raindrop size distribution, canting, and oscillation on these relationships are evaluated quantitatively. The drop size distributions (DSDs) are obtained from ground-based disdrometer measurements from three different geographical locations around the world. The R-A/sub h/ relationship is negligibly affected by raindrop canting and oscillation. It is affected to some extent by DSD variations, with less than 15% fractional standard error (FSE) in the estimated rainfall rate R/sub Ah/. On the other hand, the R-/spl Delta/A relationship is most sensitive to raindrop oscillation, up to about 35% difference in R/sub /spl Delta/A/ compared to the no-oscillation case, and the effect of canting is about 9% for a standard deviation of 10/spl deg/ of the polar canting angle compared with no canting. The FSE due to variations in the DSD for R>5 mm h/sup -1/ is greater than 30% and increases with decreasing R. However, for R<20 mm h/sup -1/, the FSE in R/sub /spl Delta/A/ is comparable (and even lower for R<30 mm h/sup -1/) to that of R/sub Ah/. The exceptions to this are rainfall rates with DSDs dominated by smaller raindrops (diameters less than 2.4 mm). It is also emphasized that because oscillation and canting affect /spl Delta/A but not A/sub h/, they could be used in combination for determining the presence of drop oscillation and canting and for estimating an effective raindrop shape model (axial ratio versus size).
机译：导出形式为R = aA / sup b /的幂律关系，其中R是降雨率，A是35 GHz特定衰减A / sub h /或特定差分衰减/ spl Delta / A = A / sub h / -A / sub v /，其中下标h和v表示水平和垂直极化。定量评估雨滴大小分布，倾斜和振荡对这些关系的影响。液滴尺寸分布（DSD）是从全球三个不同地理位置的地面测速仪测量获得的。 R-A / sub h /关系受雨滴倾斜和振荡的影响可忽略不计。它在一定程度上受到DSD变化的影响，估计降雨率R / sub Ah /的分数标准误差（FSE）小于15％。另一方面，R- / spl Delta / A关系对雨滴振荡最敏感，与无振荡的情况相比，R / sub / spl Delta / A /的差异高达约35％，并且倾斜的影响与无倾斜相比，对于极性倾斜角度为10 / spl deg /的标准偏差约为9％。 R> 5 mm h / sup -1 /时，由于DSD的变化而导致的FSE大于30％，并且随着R的增加而增加。但是，对于R <20 mm h / sup -1 /时，R / sub中的FSE / spl Delta / A /与R / sub Ah /相当（对于R <30 mm h / sup -1 /甚至更低）。例外情况是DSD的降雨速率以较小的雨滴（直径小于2.4毫米）为主。还需要强调的是，由于振荡和倾斜会影响/ spl Delta / A，但不会影响A / sub h /，因此可以将它们组合使用以确定滴落振荡和倾斜的存在，并估算有效的雨滴形状模型（轴向比与尺寸）。

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