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Spread Spectrum Image Watermarking Based on Perceptual Quality Metric

机译：基于感知质量度量的扩频图像水印

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Efficient image watermarking calls for full exploitation of the perceptual distortion constraint. Second-order statistics of visual stimuli are regarded as critical features for perception. This paper proposes a second-order statistics (SOS)-based image quality metric, which considers the texture masking effect and the contrast sensitivity in Karhunen–Loève transform domain. Compared with the state-of-the-art metrics, the quality prediction by SOS better correlates with several subjectively rated image databases, in which the images are impaired by the typical coding and watermarking artifacts. With the explicit metric definition, spread spectrum watermarking is posed as an optimization problem: we search for a watermark to minimize the distortion of the watermarked image and to maximize the correlation between the watermark pattern and the spread spectrum carrier. The simple metric guarantees the optimal watermark a closed-form solution and a fast implementation. The experiments show that the proposed watermarking scheme can take full advantage of the distortion constraint and improve the robustness in return.
机译：高效的图像水印技术要求充分利用感知失真约束。视觉刺激的二阶统计数据被认为是感知的关键特征。本文提出了一种基于二阶统计量（SOS）的图像质量度量，该度量考虑了Karhunen-Loève变换域中的纹理掩盖效果和对比度敏感性。与最新技术指标相比，通过SOS进行的质量预测可以更好地与几个主观评价的图像数据库相关联，在这些数据库中，图像会受到典型的编码和水印伪影的影响。使用显式度量定义，扩频水印被提出为优化问题：我们搜索水印以最大程度地减少水印图像的失真并使水印图案与扩频载波之间的相关性最大化。简单的度量标准可以确保最佳水印是一种封闭形式的解决方案，并且可以快速实施。实验表明，所提出的水印方案可以充分利用失真约束，提高返回的鲁棒性。

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