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Secret-key agreement over unauthenticated public channels .I. Definitions and a completeness result

机译：关于未经身份验证的公共渠道的秘密密钥协议。定义和完整性结果

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摘要

This is the first part of a three-part paper on secret-key agreement secure against active adversaries. In all three parts, we address the question whether two parties, knowing some correlated pieces of information X and Y, respectively, can generate a string S about which an adversary, knowing some information Z and having read and write access to the communication channel used by the legitimate partners, is almost completely ignorant. Whether such key agreement is possible, and if yes at which rate, is an inherent property of the joint probability distribution P/sub XYZ/. In this part, we first prove a number of general impossibility results. We then consider the important special case where the legitimate partners as well as the adversary have access to the outcomes of many independent repetitions of a fixed tripartite random experiment. In this case, the result characterizing the possibility of secret-key agreement secure against active adversaries is of all-or-nothing nature: either a secret key can be generated at the same rate as in the (well-studied) passive-adversary case, or such secret-key agreement is completely impossible. The exact condition characterizing the two cases is presented.
机译：这是由三部分组成的，针对活跃对手的安全密钥协议的第一部分。在这三个部分中，我们都解决了以下问题：两方分别了解一些相关的信息X和Y是否可以生成一个字符串S，对手可以知道该字符串S，知道一些信息Z并具有对所使用的通信通道的读写访问权限由合法的合伙人，几乎是完全无知的。这样的关键一致性是否可能，如果可以，则是联合概率分布P / sub XYZ /的固有属性。在这一部分中，我们首先证明一些一般性的不可能结果。然后，我们考虑一个重要的特殊情况，即合法合作伙伴和对手都可以访问固定的三方随机实验的许多独立重复的结果。在这种情况下，表征秘密密钥协议抵御主动对手的可能性的结果是全有或全无：可以以（经过充分研究的）被动对手情况下的相同速率生成秘密密钥，或者这样的密钥协议是完全不可能的。给出了表征这两种情况的确切条件。

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