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Minimal vectors in linear codes

机译:线性码中的最小向量

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Minimal vectors in linear codes arise in numerous applications, particularly, in constructing decoding algorithms and studying linear secret sharing schemes. However, properties and structure of minimal vectors have been largely unknown. We prove basic properties of minimal vectors in general linear codes. Then we characterize minimal vectors of a given weight and compute their number in several classes of codes, including the Hamming codes and second-order Reed-Muller codes. Further, we extend the concept of minimal vectors to codes over rings and compute them for several examples. Turning to applications, we introduce a general gradient-like decoding algorithm of which minimal-vectors decoding is an example. The complexity of minimal-vectors decoding for long codes is determined by the size of the set of minimal vectors. Therefore, we compute this size for long randomly chosen codes. Another example of algorithms in this class is given by zero-neighbors decoding. We discuss relations between the two decoding methods. In particular, we show that for even codes the set of zero neighbors is strictly optimal in this class of algorithms. This also implies that general asymptotic improvements of the zero-neighbors algorithm in the frame of gradient-like approach are impossible. We also discuss a link to secret-sharing schemes.
机译:线性代码中的最小矢量在许多应用中都出现,特别是在构造解码算法和研究线性秘密共享方案时。然而,最小载体的性质和结构在很大程度上是未知的。我们证明了一般线性代码中最小向量的基本性质。然后,我们表征给定权重的最小向量,并在几类代码中计算它们的数量,其中包括汉明码和二阶里德穆勒码。此外,我们将最小矢量的概念扩展为环上的代码,并为几个示例计算它们。转向应用程序,我们介绍一种通用的类似梯度的解码算法,其中最小向量解码就是一个例子。长码的最小向量解码的复杂度由最小向量集的大小确定。因此,我们为长时间随机选择的代码计算此大小。此类的另一个算法示例由零邻居解码给出。我们讨论两种解码方法之间的关系。特别是,我们证明了对于偶数代码,在此类算法中,零邻居的集合是严格最优的。这也意味着在类似梯度的方法框架内零邻点算法的一般渐近改进是不可能的。我们还将讨论与秘密共享计划的链接。

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