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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Professional Communication >Strategies for Writing about Innovation: Navigating the Relationship between Technical Documentation, Patent Prosecution, and Technology Transfer
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Strategies for Writing about Innovation: Navigating the Relationship between Technical Documentation, Patent Prosecution, and Technology Transfer

机译：有关创新的写作策略：导航技术文档，专利起诉和技术转让之间的关系

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Problem: Technical writers rarely work on patent applications, but the typical documents writers prepare during research and development are important during patent disputes. Patent disputes are so costly that the potential for these disputes weighs heavily on the minds of those preparing patent applications. The relationship between technical documentation and the legal processes surrounding research and development need to shape a writer's documentation practice. Research question: What legal concepts do technical writers need to know when working in research and development? Key concepts: Patent prosecution is the process of obtaining a patent. Technology transfer is the communication that places an innovation into the marketplace. Patent disputes arise when a party believes its patent rights have been infringed. The work of technical writers becomes relevant during patent disputes. Two Supreme Court cases inform the process for reconstructing the meaning of patent claims during a dispute: ${rm Markman ,v., Westview, Instruments, , Inc.}$ and ${rm Phillips ,v. , AWH Corp. , Markman}$ limits the audience who determines the meaning of a claim to the judge instead of a jury, and Phillips establishes the role written documents have in a patent dispute. The ${rm Phillips}$ case shows how a judge might use technical documentation to determine the meaning of a patent claim or term. From these cases, we can draw strategies for preparing technical documents. Key lessons: While impossible to know prior to a patent dispute how a document will affect the outcome of the dispute, technical communicators can adopt three strategies for preparing precise and complete documents. First, technical writers can adopt a “liminal” practice—the ability t- interact as needed with different disciplines. Second, technical communicators can approach new subjects with assent, a type of seeking understood in order to fully explore a new technology. And third, technical communicators can approach writing about research and development as a technical translation practice to translate highly scientific or technical language into precise plain language. Implications to practice: By developing a liminal practice, technical communicators can build a robust documentation practice that includes the contextual nuances essential for work in patent prosecution and technology transfer.
机译：问题：技术作家很少从事专利申请工作，但是在专利纠纷期间，研究人员在研发过程中准备的典型文件很重要。专利纠纷的代价如此之高，以至于这些纠纷的可能性极大地影响了准备专利申请的人的思想。技术文档与围绕研发的法律程序之间的关系需要塑造作家的文档实践。研究问题：技术作者从事研发工作时需要了解哪些法律概念？关键概念：专利起诉是获得专利的过程。技术转让是将创新推向市场的交流。当一方认为其专利权受到侵犯时，就会发生专利纠纷。在专利纠纷期间，技术作家的工作变得很重要。最高法院的两个案件为争端期间重构专利要求的含义提供了程序：$ {rm Markman，v。，Westview，Instruments ,, Inc。} $和$ {rm Phillips，v。 ，AWH Corp.，Markman} $将确定索赔含义的听众限定给法官，而不是陪审团，而Phillips确定了书面文件在专利纠纷中的作用。 $ {rm Phillips} $案显示了法官如何使用技术文档来确定专利权利要求或术语的含义。从这些案例中，我们可以得出准备技术文档的策略。关键教训：虽然在专利纠纷之前无法得知文件将如何影响纠纷的结果，但技术交流人员可以采用三种策略来准备精确而完整的文件。首先，技术撰稿人可以采用“极限”实践，即根据需要与不同学科进行交互的能力。其次，技术交流者可以同意地学习新的主题，这是一种寻求理解的探求，以便全面探索新技术。第三，技术传播者可以将有关研发的写作作为一种技术翻译实践来将高度科学或技术语言翻译成精确的普通语言。对实践的启示：通过开发一种简单的实践，技术交流者可以建立一个强大的文档实践，其中包括专利起诉和技术转让工作中必不可少的上下文细微差别。

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