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Omnidirectional Precoding for Massive MIMO With Uniform Rectangular Array—Part II: Numerical Optimization Based Schemes

机译:具有均匀矩形阵列的大规模MIMO的全向预编码-第二部分:基于数值优化的方案

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摘要

In Part II of this two-part paper, we develop novel numerical optimization approaches to design omnidirectional precoding schemes for a massive multiple-input multiple-output system equipped with a uniform rectangular array (URA). To this end, we first formulate the omnidirectional precoding design as a semidefinite program (SDP) with rank constraint. An iterative rank-reduction algorithm is then proposed to produce omnidirectional transmission solution with a minimum number of precoding vectors. It is shown that the proposed algorithm can always obtain three precoding vectors (i.e.,a rank-3 precoding matrix) to generate a perfectly omnidirectional power radiation pattern for any P x Q URA with min{ P, Q} > 2, or yield an omnidirectional transmission solution with (theoretically minimum) two precoding vectors for any P x Q URA with min{P, Q} <= 2. In addition, to facilitate analog precoding design, we further impose constant-modulus constraints for every entries of the precoding matrix. Through judicious (re-)formulation, we develop an efficient Newton's method, which can compute four constant-modulus preceding vectors to generate an omnidirectional power radiation pattern for any URA configuration. The numerical results demonstrate the merits of the proposed schemes.
机译:在这个由两部分组成的论文的第二部分中,我们开发了新颖的数值优化方法,以为配备了统一矩形阵列(URA)的大规模多输入多输出系统设计全向预编码方案。为此,我们首先将全向预编码设计表达为具有秩约束的半定程序(SDP)。然后提出一种迭代秩降算法,以产生具有最少数量的预编码向量的全向传输解决方案。结果表明,所提出的算法可以始终获得三个预编码矢量(即秩3预编码矩阵),以针对min {P,Q}> 2的任何P x Q URA产生完美的全向功率辐射方向图。对于min {P,Q} <= 2的任何P x Q URA,具有(理论上最小)两个预编码向量的全向传输解决方案。此外,为了便于进行模拟预编码设计,我们还对预编码的每个条目施加了恒定模数约束矩阵。通过明智的(重新)公式化,我们开发了一种有效的牛顿法,该方法可以计算四个恒定模量先验向量,以针对任何URA配置生成全向功率辐射方向图。数值结果证明了所提方案的优点。

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