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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control >High-Frame-Rate Contrast-Enhanced Echocardiography Using Diverging Waves: 2-D Motion Estimation and Compensation
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High-Frame-Rate Contrast-Enhanced Echocardiography Using Diverging Waves: 2-D Motion Estimation and Compensation

机译：使用发散波的高帧频对比度增强超声心动图：二维运动估计和补偿

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摘要

Combining diverging ultrasound waves and microbubbles could improve contrast-enhanced echocardiography (CEE), by providing enhanced temporal resolution for cardiac function assessment over a large imaging field of view. However, current image formation techniques using coherent summation of echoes from multiple steered diverging waves (DWs) are susceptible to tissue and microbubble motion artifacts, resulting in poor image quality. In this study, we used correlation-based 2-D motion estimation to perform motion compensation for CEE using DWs. The accuracy of this motion estimation method was evaluated with Field II simulations. The root-mean-square velocity errors were 5.9% +/- 0.2% and 19.5% +/- 0.4% in the axial and lateral directions, when normalized to the maximum value of 62.8 cm/s which is comparable to the highest speed of blood flow in the left ventricle (LV). The effects of this method on image contrast ratio (CR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were tested in vitro using a tissue mimicking rotating disk with a diameter of 10 cm. Compared against the control without motion compensation, a mean increase of 12 dB in CR and 7 dB in CNR were demonstrated when using this motion compensation method. The motion correction algorithm was tested in vivo on a CEE data set acquired with the Ultrasound Array Research Platform II performing coherent DW imaging. Improvement of the B-mode and contrast-mode image quality with cardiac motion and blood flow-induced microbubble motion was achieved. The results of motion estimation were further processed to interpret blood flow in the LV. This allowed for a triplex cardiac imaging technique, consisting of B mode, contrast mode, and 2-D vector flow imaging with a high frame rate of 250 Hz.
机译：通过在较大的成像视场上为心脏功能评估提供增强的时间分辨率，将发散的超声波和微气泡结合起来可以改善对比增强型超声心动图（CEE）。然而，当前使用来自多个转向发散波（DW）的回波的相干求和的图像形成技术容易受到组织和微泡运动伪影的影响，从而导致较差的图像质量。在这项研究中，我们使用基于相关性的二维运动估计对使用DW的CEE进行运动补偿。该运动估计方法的准确性已通过Field II仿真进行了评估。当归一化到最大值62.8 cm / s时，轴向和横向的均方根速度误差在轴向和横向上分别为5.9％+/- 0.2％和19.5％+/- 0.4％。左心室（LV）的血流。使用直径为10 cm的组织模拟转盘在体外测试了该方法对图像对比度（CR）和对比度噪声比（CNR）的影响。与没有运动补偿的控制相比，使用此运动补偿方法时，CR的平均增加和CNR的平均增加了7 dB。运动校正算法已在通过执行相干DW成像的Ultrasound Array Research Platform II获得的CEE数据集上进行了体内测试。通过心脏运动和血流引起的微气泡运动，改善了B模式和对比模式的图像质量。运动估计的结果被进一步处理以解释LV中的血流。这允许三重心脏成像技术，包括B模式，对比模式和250 Hz高帧频的2D矢量流成像。

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