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FAMUS II: A Fast and Mechanistic Ultrasound Simulator Using an Impulse Response Approach

机译:FAMUS II:使用脉冲响应方法的快速机械超声模拟器

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摘要

Real-time simulation of ultrasound images is increasingly important for providing a means of presenting a wide variety of clinical images for the training of ultrasound specialists and technologists. In order to realistically represent the visual effects caused by changes to the transducer position or its focal properties, very rapid transducer field response calculations are needed, typically on the order of a fraction of a second. Currently available methods are severely limited in this regard. Based on the impulse response, a point source/receiver method for accurately calculating the fields produced by ultrasound transducer arrays is proposed and illustrated with realistic B-mode and Doppler spectral display simulations. The results of this method (FAMUS II), which accounts for the attenuation frequency dependence of the propagating medium, are compared with those obtained with Field II both in terms of quality and computational speed. From a clinical simulation perspective, the qualitative differences are small. Because the method is inherently parallelizable, significant gains in computational speed can be achieved. For example, in B-mode imaging using an eight-core CPU, FAMUS II is shown to be more than two orders of magnitude faster than that achieved by Field II. As a result, we believe that this new method represents a significant step toward achieving real-time performance.
机译:超声图像的实时仿真对于提供一种呈现各种临床图像以培训超声专家和技术人员的手段越来越重要。为了真实地表示由换能器位置或其聚焦特性的变化引起的视觉效果,需要非常快速的换能器场响应计算,通常约为几分之一秒。在这方面,目前可用的方法受到严格限制。基于脉冲响应,提出了一种用于精确计算超声换能器阵列产生的场的点源/接收器方法,并通过现实的B模式和多普勒频谱显示仿真进行了说明。该方法的结果(FAMUS II)考虑了传播介质的衰减频率依赖性,在质量和计算速度方面都与通过Field II获得的结果进行了比较。从临床模拟的角度来看,质量差异很小。因为该方法固有地是可并行化的,所以可以在计算速度上获得显着的收益。例如,在使用八核CPU的B模式成像中,FAMUS II的速度比Field II快两个数量级。因此,我们相信,这种新方法代表了实现实时性能的重要一步。

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