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Cross-Spectrum PM Noise Measurement, Thermal Energy, and Metamaterial Filters

机译:跨谱PM噪声测量,热能和超材料过滤器

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Virtually all commercial instruments for the measurement of the oscillator PM noise make use of the cross-spectrum method (arXiv:1004.5539 [physics.ins-det], 2010). High sensitivity is achieved by correlation and averaging on two equal channels, which measure the same input, and reject the background of the instrument. We show that a systematic error is always present if the thermal energy of the input power splitter is not accounted for. Such error can result in noise underestimation up to a few decibels in the lowest-noise quartz oscillators, and in an invalid measurement in the case of cryogenic oscillators. As another alarming fact, the presence of metamaterial components in the oscillator results in unpredictable behavior and large errors, even in well controlled experimental conditions. We observed a spread of 40 dB in the phase noise spectra of an oscillator, just replacing the output filter.
机译:几乎所有用于测量振荡器PM噪声的商用仪器都使用互谱方法(arXiv:1004.5539 ​​[physics.ins-det],2010年)。通过在两个相等的通道上进行相关和平均,可以实现高灵敏度,这两个通道测量相同的输入,并拒绝仪器的背景。我们表明,如果不考虑输入功率分配器的热能,则始终存在系统误差。在最低噪声的石英振荡器中,这种误差可能会导致噪声低估多达几分贝,而在低温振荡器的情况下,这种测量会无效。另一个令人震惊的事实是,即使在控制良好的实验条件下,振荡器中超材料成分的存在也会导致无法预测的行为和较大的误差。我们观察到振荡器的相位噪声频谱中有40 dB的扩展,只是更换了输出滤波器。

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