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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control >Atomic fountain clock with very high frequency stability employing a pulse-tube-cryocooled sapphire oscillator
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Atomic fountain clock with very high frequency stability employing a pulse-tube-cryocooled sapphire oscillator

机译：采用脉冲管低温冷却的蓝宝石振荡器，具有很高的频率稳定性的原子喷泉时钟

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摘要

The frequency stability of an atomic fountain clock was significantly improved by employing an ultra-stable local oscillator and increasing the number of atoms detected after the Ramsey interrogation, resulting in a measured Allan deviation of 8.3 ?? 10-14<4;-1/2. A cryogenic sapphire oscillator using an ultra-low-vibration pulse-tube cryocooler and cryostat, without the need for refilling with liquid helium, was applied as a local oscillator and a frequency reference. High atom number was achieved by the high power of the cooling laser beams and optical pumping to the Zeeman sublevel mF = 0 employed for a frequency measurement, although vapor-loaded optical molasses with the simple (001) configuration was used for the atomic fountain clock. The resulting stability is not limited by the Dick effect as it is when a BVA quartz oscillator is used as the local oscillator. The stability reached the quantum projection noise limit to within 11%. Using a combination of a cryocooled sapphire oscillator and techniques to enhance the atom number, the frequency stability of any atomic fountain clock, already established as primary frequency standard, may be improved without opening its vacuum chamber.
机译：通过使用超稳定的本地振荡器并增加在Ramsey询问后检测到的原子数，原子喷泉时钟的频率稳定性得到了显着改善，从而测得的Allan偏差为8.3Ω。 10 -14 <4; -1/2 。使用超低振动脉冲管低温冷却器和低温恒温器的低温蓝宝石振荡器作为本地振荡器和频率基准，无需再充入液态氦。高原子数是通过冷却激光束的高功率和光学泵浦到Zeeman子级m F = 0进行频率测量而获得的，尽管蒸汽装载的光学糖蜜具有简单的（001）配置用于原子喷泉时钟。当使用BVA石英振荡器作为本地振荡器时，最终的稳定性不受Dick效应的限制。稳定性达到了量子投影噪声极限的11％以内。结合使用低温冷却的蓝宝石振荡器和增强原子数的技术，可以在不打开真空腔的情况下改善任何已经建立为主要频率标准的原子喷泉时钟的频率稳定性。

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