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首页> 外文期刊>Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics and Frequency Control, IEEE Transactions on >An approach to multibeam covariance matrices for adaptive beamforming in ultrasonography
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An approach to multibeam covariance matrices for adaptive beamforming in ultrasonography

机译：超声中自适应波束形成的多波束协方差矩阵方法

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摘要

Medical ultrasound imaging systems are often based on transmitting, and recording the backscatter from, a series of focused broadband beams with overlapping coverage areas. When applying adaptive beamforming, a separate array covariance matrix for each image sample is usually formed. The data used to estimate any one of these covariance matrices is often limited to the recorded backscatter from a single transmitted beam, or that of some adjacent beams through additional focusing at reception. We propose to form, for each radial distance, a single covariance matrix covering all of the beams. The covariance matrix is estimated by combining the array samples after a sequenced time delay and phase shift. The time delay is identical to that performed in conventional delay-and-sum beamforming. The performance of the proposed approach in conjunction with the Capon beamformer is studied on both simulated data of scenes consisting of point targets and recorded ultrasound phantom data from a specially adapted commercial scanner. The results show that the proposed approach is more capable of resolving point targets and gives better defined cyst-like structures in speckle images compared with the conventional delay-and-sum approach. Furthermore, it shows both an increased robustness to noise and an increased ability to resolve point-like targets compared with the more traditional per-beam Capon beamformer.
机译：医学超声成像系统通常基于传输和记录来自一系列具有重叠覆盖区域的聚焦宽带波束的反向散射。当应用自适应波束成形时，通常为每个图像样本形成一个单独的阵列协方差矩阵。用于估计这些协方差矩阵中任何一个的数据通常仅限于单个发射波束或某些相邻波束通过在接收时进行额外聚焦而记录的反向散射。我们建议针对每个径向距离形成覆盖所有光束的单个协方差矩阵。通过在经过序列的时间延迟和相移之后合并阵列样本，可以估算协方差矩阵。时间延迟与常规延迟和求和波束成形中执行的时间延迟相同。结合Capon波束形成器，对包括点目标的场景模拟数据和经过特殊改装的商用扫描仪记录的超声体模数据进行了研究，研究了所提出方法与Capon波束形成器的性能。结果表明，与传统的延迟和求和方法相比，所提出的方法更能够解决点目标，并在散斑图像中提供了更好定义的类囊肿结构。此外，与更传统的每束Capon波束形成器相比，它不仅显示出对噪声的增强的鲁棒性，而且具有更高的分辨点状目标的能力。

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