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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control >Extensional bundle waveguide techniques for measuring flow of hot fluids
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Extensional bundle waveguide techniques for measuring flow of hot fluids

机译：用于测量热流体流量的扩展束波导技术

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摘要

A bundle of acoustically slender metal rods, each thin compared to wavelength, tightly packed within a sheath, and welded closed at each end, provides a dispersion-free waveguide assembly that acts as a thermal buffer between a transducer and the hot fluid medium, the flow of which is to be measured. Gas and steam flow applications have ranged up to 600/spl deg/C. Liquid applications have ranged from cryogenic (-160/spl deg/C) to 500/spl deg/C and include intermittent two-phase flows. The individual rods comprising the bundle usually are approximately one millimeter in diameter. The sheath, made of a pipe or tube, typically has an outside diameter of 12.7 to about 33 mm and usually is about 300 mm long. Materials for the sheath and bundle are selected to satisfy requirements of compatibility with the fluid as well as for the acoustic properties. Corrosion-resistant alloys such as 316SS and titanium are commonly used. The buffers are used with transducers that are metal-encapsulated and certified for use in hazardous areas. They operate at a frequency in the range of 0.1 to 1 MHz. The radiating end of the buffer is usually flat and perpendicular to the buffer's main axis. In some cases the end of the buffer is stepped or angled. Angling the radiating faces at /spl sim/2/spl deg/ to overcome beam drift at Mach 0.1 recently contributed to solving a high-temperature high-velocity flow measurement problem. The temperature in this situation was 300/spl deg/C, and the gas molecular weight was about 95, with pressure 0.9 to 1.1 bar.
机译：一束声学细长的金属棒，每根都比波长薄，紧密地包裹在护套中，并在两端焊接在一起，提供了无分散的波导组件，该波导组件充当换能器和热流体介质之间的热缓冲器。要测量的流量。气体和蒸汽流量的应用范围高达600 / spl deg / C。液体应用范围从低温（-160 / spl deg / C）到500 / spl deg / C，并且包括间歇性的两相流。组成束的单个杆的直径通常约为一毫米。由管或管制成的护套通常具有12.7至大约33mm的外径，并且通常具有大约300mm长。选择用于护套和束的材料以满足与流体的相容性以及声学特性的要求。通常使用诸如316SS和钛等耐腐蚀合金。缓冲液与金属封装的换能器一起使用，并经过认证可用于危险区域。它们以0.1到1 MHz的频率工作。缓冲器的辐射端通常是平坦的，并且垂直于缓冲器的主轴。在某些情况下，缓冲区的末端是阶梯式或成角度的。最近，将辐射面倾斜为/ spl sim / 2 / spl deg /以克服射束漂移为0.1马赫，这有助于解决高温高速流量测量问题。在这种情况下的温度为300 / spl℃/℃，气体分子量为约95，压力为0.9至1.1bar。

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