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The origin of the piezoelectric effect in pyroelectric crystals

机译：热电晶体中压电效应的起源

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摘要

The physical mechanism of piezoelectricity arising in crystals of all pyroelectric classes is described and discussed in detail. The piezoelectric effect of these crystals is postulated to be a consequence of changes in their spontaneous polarization under the impact of external forces (electric fields, mechanical stresses). This study shows which piezoelectric coefficients do exist in pyroelectric crystals. Both the direct piezoeffect-generation of electric polarization under mechanical stresses-and the inverse piezoeffect-crystal deformations caused by the application of an electric field-are considered. Specifically, the analysis performed suggests that crystals of classes 6, 4, and 3 may lack d/sub 14/ and d/sub 25/ piezo modules, the existence of which is, in principle, allowed by the symmetry of the crystals, but which do not actually exist because of the accidental cancellation of requisite "piezo-generating" elastic compliance coefficients.
机译：详细描述和讨论了所有热电类型晶体中产生的压电性的物理机理。这些晶体的压电效应被认为是在外力（电场，机械应力）的作用下自发极化变化的结果。这项研究表明热电晶体中确实存在哪些压电系数。既要考虑在机械应力下直接产生极化的压电效应，也要考虑由于施加电场而引起的反压电效应晶体变形。具体而言，进行的分析表明，第6、4和3类晶体可能缺少d / sub 14 /和d / sub 25 /压电模块，原则上，晶体的对称性允许其存在，但由于偶然取消了必要的“产生压电的”弹性柔度系数，因此实际上不存在这些变量。

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