Experimental validation for the diffraction effect in theultrasonic field of piston transducers and its influence on absorptionand dispersion measurements

Temsamani A.B.; Vandenplas S.; Lumori M.L.D.; van Biesen L.

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Experimental validation for the diffraction effect in theultrasonic field of piston transducers and its influence on absorptionand dispersion measurements

机译：活塞换能器超声场中衍射效应及其对吸收和色散测量的影响的实验验证

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The aim of this work was to study the diffraction effects in thenultrasonic field of piston source transducers and their importance fornaccurate measurements of attenuation and dispersion in viscoelasticnmaterials. In laboratory measurements, the diffraction phenomena arenmainly due to the beam spread of the ultrasonic wave propagating innviscoelastic materials. This effect is essentially related to thenestimated attenuation and dispersion in the material. In this work, anfrequency domain system identification approach, using the maximumnlikelihood estimator (MLE), was applied to the measured data in order tondetermine a function for correcting the diffraction losses in bothnnormal and oblique incidences for a large frequency band (300 kHz to 3nMHz). The effective radius of the used transmitter was determined by theninverse problem when ultrasonic beam propagation was investigated in anwater medium. Using the estimated radius, the propagation throughnviscoelastic materials was established, and the acoustic parameters ofnthese materials were estimated. Attention was paid to the determinationnof the attenuation and dispersion in the materials. These quantitiesnwere compared to those obtained without diffraction correction in ordernto see the influence of introducing the diffraction correction into thenpropagation model

机译：这项工作的目的是研究活塞源换能器在超声场中的衍射效应及其对粘弹性材料中衰减和色散的准确测量的重要性。在实验室测量中，衍射现象主要归因于超声波传播的非粘弹性材料的束扩散。该效应本质上与材料中预期的衰减和色散有关。在这项工作中，使用最大似然估计器（MLE）的频域系统识别方法被应用于测量数据，以便确定用于校正大频带（300 kHz至3nMHz）在正常入射和倾斜入射中的衍射损耗的函数。。当研究超声波束在水介质中的传播时，通过反问题确定所用发射机的有效半径。使用估计的半径，建立通过粘弹性材料的传播，并估计这些材料的声学参数。注意确定材料中的衰减和色散。将这些数量与未进行衍射校正的数量进行比较，以了解将衍射校正引入随后的传播模型的影响

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《IEEE Transactions on Ultrasonics, Ferroelectrics, and Frequency Control》 |2001年第2期|p.547-559|共13页
作者
Temsamani A.B.; Vandenplas S.; Lumori M.L.D.; van Biesen L.;
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正文语种 eng
中图分类声学工程;计量学;
关键词
frequency-domain analysis; inverse problems; ultrasonic absorption; ultrasonic diffraction; ultrasonic transducers; viscoelasticity; 300 kHz to 3 MHz; absorption; acoustic parameters; beam spread; diffraction correction; diffraction effect; diffraction losses; disper;

机译：频域分析;反问题;超声吸收;超声衍射;超声换能器;粘弹性;300 kHz至3 MHz;吸收;声学参数;光束扩展;衍射校正;衍射效应;衍射损耗;色散;

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机译：可视化和测量活塞换能器的声场
2. The measurement and numerical modelling of the diffraction field of a spherical ultrasonic transducer working in the air at the frequency of 1.3 MHz [J] . T. Gudra, M. Pluta, Z. Kojro Ultrasonics . 2000,第1a8期

机译：球形超声换能器在1.3 MHz频率下在空中工作的衍射场的测量和数值模拟
3. Anisotropic displacement parameters from dispersion-corrected DFT methods and their experimental validation by temperature-dependent X-ray diffraction [J] . George Janine, Wang Ai, Deringer Volker L., CrystEngComm . 2015,第38期

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机译：非线性传播的Westervelt方程：阵列换能器产生的超声场的数值模拟和实验验证
5. Design Strategies and Experimental Validation of High-Performance Logging-While-Drilling Piezocomposite Transducers [D] . Jiang, Runkun. 2017

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6. X-ray diffraction measurements in high magnetic fields and at high temperatures [O] . Yoshifuru Mitsui, Keiichi Koyama, Kazuo Watanabe 2009

机译：在强磁场和高温下进行X射线衍射测量
7. Decision-making is the process of analyzing information about a problem situation and comparing it to a specific conclusion in order to solve a specific problematic (Yıkılmaz, 2001; Miller and Byrnes, 2001). Decision-making styles are a mechanism that is influenced by the internal and external conditions that determine the direction of the decisions of the individual, the content of the decision-making process, and the outcome of the decision-making process (Payne, Bettman and Johson, 1993; Bavol’ár and Orosová, 2015). ACT is a contemporary member of the Cognitive Behavioral Therapy family. ACT (Acceptance and commitment therapy) has both similar and different directions with Behavioral Therapies and Cognitive Therapies (Herbet and Forman, 2011; Hayes, 2004). KKT responds to classical behavioral treatments using both existential and cognitive approaches in the analysis of behavior. KKT is a science wing that tries to solve human problems with a wider perspective aimed at solving problematic human behaviors (Plumb, Stewart, Dahl and Lundgren, 2009). It is seen that there is very little research about the new approach of ACT approach when the aiming country of our country is screened and it is thought that our country will contribute to the field of psychological counseling with the work done. In the scope of the research, experimental and control groups and preliminary test, post-test and follow-up measurements of 2x3 experimental design were used. The study's study group consists of a total of 24 (12 experimental and 12 control groups) university students studying in different departments and levels, continuing their education in the academic year of 2015-2016 in Ağrı province and İbrahim Chechen University in 2015-2016 academic year. The average age of participants in the experiment and control group is 20. There were 12 participants in the experimental group, 7 female and 5 male, and 12 participants, 7 female and 5 male in the control group. Personal Information Form and Decision Making Style Scale prepared by the researcher were used in the research. In order to decide on the tests to be used in the course of analyzing the data, the scores of the participant's Decision Styles Scale pre-test, which are placed primarily in the experimental and control groups, it was analyzed whether the basic expectations of parametric tests were answered. As a result of the analysis made, the scores, skewness and kurtosis coefficients obtained from the Decision Making Styles Scale were given to the experimental and control groups. It was determined that the distribution was normal in the result of Shapiro-Wilk test, in which the skewness and kurtosis coefficients of each sub-scale were ranked between -1 and +1. Participants in the experimental and control groups; homogeneity test results for decision-style pre-test measurements indicate that the data are homogeneous. According to the results of the Mauchly Globalness Test, it has been determined that working supports the hypothesis. It was determined that there was no significant difference between the pre-test scores obtained from dependent decision-making style of experiment and control groups, but the test group showed lower mean scores at the significant level within the scores of post-test and follow-up tests. Therefore, it can be said that the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group reduces the dependent decision-making style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions and the psychoeducation program has a lasting effect. It was determined that there was no significant difference between pre-test, post-test and follow-up scores obtained from the Spontaneous-Instant Decision Style of experiment and control groups. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not cause a significant difference in the Spontaneous-Decision-Making Style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the ACT-oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The ACT -oriented psychoeducation program had a decline in the intuitive decision-making styles of the individuals, but this decrease did not create significant differences. Thus, it can be said that this situation does not make a meaningful difference in the intuitive decision style scores from the decision style sub-dimensions of the KKT oriented psychoeducation program applied to the experimental group. The pre-test scores obtained from the rational decision-making style of the experimental and control groups showed that there was a difference between the post-test and the follow-up scores, but this difference was not significant. As a result of the analysis, it was determined that the test group had higher levels of rational decision style than the pre - test scores in the post test and follow - up scores, whereas the post test and follow - up test scores in the control group rational decision style showed a decrease compared to the pre - test scores. the pre - test scores. Decision-making Styles Scale Avoidant Decision Making As a result of the analysis of the mean scores of the subscale scores of pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures, the group effect was found to be insignificant. It was determined that the experimental and control groups differed significantly from the pre-test scores obtained from the avoidant decision-making style but did not show any significant change within the scores of the post-test and follow-up tests. [O] . mustafa ercengiz, ali haydar şar 2018

机译：决策是分析有关问题情况的信息并将其与特定结论进行比较的过程，以解决特定的问题（Yıkılmaz，2001; Miller和Byrnes，2001）。决策风格是一种机制，受到内部和外部条件的影响，确定个人决定的方向，决策过程的内容以及决策过程的结果（PAYNE，BETTMAN和BEDNE） Johson，1993;Bavol'ár和奥萨洛瓦，2015）。法案是认知行为治疗家庭的当代成员。行为（验收和承诺治疗）具有与行为疗法和认知疗法的类似和不同方向（Herbet和Forman，2011; Hayes，2004）。 KKT在分析行为中使用存在性和认知方法来响应古典行为治疗方法。 KKT是一个科学翼，试图解决人类问题，旨在解决有问题的人类行为（铅垂，斯图尔特，Dahl和Lundgren，2009）。有人认为，当我们国家的瞄准国家进行筛选时，有关行动方法的新方法几乎没有研究，并且认为我们的国家将为完成工作做出贡献的心理咨询领域。在研究的范围内，使用实验和对照组和初步测试，使用后测试和后续测量的2x3实验设计。该研究的研究小组包括共24名（12个实验和12个对照组）大学学生在不同的部门和水平上学习，在2015-2016学术上继续进行2015-2016的学术年度2015-2016学年年。实验和对照组参与者的平均年龄是20.实验组中有12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性，12名参与者，7名女性和5名男性。研究人员准备的个人信息表格和决策制定风格规模在研究中使用。为了决定在分析数据的过程中使用的测试，参与者的决策风格刻度预测的分数主要在实验和对照组中进行，分析了参数的基本期望吗？测试得到了回答。由于对实验和对照组给出了从决策曲调标度获得的分数，偏移和峰度分子系数。确定该分布是正常的在成熟的-WILK试验结果中，其中每亚级的偏差和刚度系数在-1到+1之间排名。实验和对照组的参与者;决策式预测测量的同质性测试结果表明数据是均匀的。根据毛毛环保试验的结果，已确定工作支持假设。据确定，从依赖决策风格的实验和对照组获得的预测分数之间没有显着差异，但测试组在测试后的分数内显示出较低的平均分数和后续的分数 - 测试。因此，可以说，应用于实验组的面向活动的心理教育程序减少了决策风格子维度的依赖决策风格分数，并且心理教育程序具有持久的效果。据确定，从实验和对照组自发决策风格获得的预测试，测试后和后续评分之间没有显着差异。因此，可以说这种情况不会导致从应用于实验组的活动导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数的自发决策风格分数显着差异。行为的心理教育计划在个人直观的决策风格下降，但这种减少并没有产生显着的差异。因此，可以说，这种情况不会在从应用于实验组的KKT导向的心理教育程序的决策风格分数中产生有意义的决策风格分数。从实验和对照组的理性决策风格获得的预测分数显示后检验后和随访评分之间存在差异，但这种差异并不重要。由于分析，确定测试组的理性决策风格较高，而不是后测试和后续分数的预测分数，而对照组合理决策风格的后测试和后续测试分数显示出与预测试分数相比的减少。预测分数。决策款式扩展避免决策由于分析了预测试，测试后和后续措施的班次评分的平均分数，发现群体效应是微不足道的。确定实验和对照组从避免决策风格获得的预测评分中显着不同，但在测试后和后续测试的分数内没有显示出任何重大变化。
8. Arccos and Lommel Diffraction Formulations: An Approximate Fourier Transform Pair Leading to A Unified Theory of Spatially Averaged Diffraction Corrections for Ultrasonic Piston Transducers Operating in Pulsed Mode [R] . Daly, C. J. 1998

机译：arccos和Lommel衍射公式：近似傅里叶变换对导致脉冲模式下超声波活塞传感器的空间平均衍射校正统一理论

Experimental validation for the diffraction effect in theultrasonic field of piston transducers and its influence on absorptionand dispersion measurements

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