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Analysis of noise in quartz crystal oscillators by using slowly varying functions method

机译:缓慢变化函数法分析石英晶体振荡器中的噪声

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摘要

By using formal manipulation capability of commercially available symbolic calculation code, it is possible to automatically derive the characteristic polynomial describing the conditions for oscillation of a circuit. The analytical expression of the characteristic polynomial is obtained through an encapsulation process starting from the SPICE netlist description of the circuit: by using a limited number of simple transformations, the initial circuit is progressively transformed in a simplified standard form. In this method, the nonlinear component is described by its large signal admittance parameters obtained from a set of SPICE transient simulations of larger and larger amplitude. The encapsulation process involving linear and nonlinear components as well as noise sources leads to a perturbed characteristic polynomial. In the time domain, the perturbed characteristic polynomial becomes a nonlinear nonautonomous differential equation. By using an extension of the slowly varying functions method, this differential equation is transformed into a nonlinear differential system with perturbation terms as the right-hand side. Eventually, solving this system with classical algorithms allows one to obtain both amplitude and phase noise spectra of the oscillator.
机译:通过使用可商购的符号计算代码的形式操作能力,可以自动导出描述电路振荡条件的特征多项式。通过从电路的SPICE网表描述开始的封装过程,可以得到特征多项式的解析表达式:通过使用有限数量的简单变换,可以以简化的标准形式逐步变换初始电路。在这种方法中,非线性分量由从一组振幅越来越大的SPICE瞬态仿真中获得的大信号导纳参数来描述。涉及线性和非线性分量以及噪声源的封装过程会导致扰动的特征多项式。在时域中,被摄动的特征多项式变为非线性非自治微分方程。通过使用缓慢变化函数方法的扩展,该微分方程被转换为一个非线性微分系统,其摄动项为右手侧。最终,用经典算法求解该系统将使人们既能获得振荡器的振幅噪声谱又能获得其相位噪声谱。

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