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Multi-layered PZT/polymer composites to increase signal-to-noiseratio and resolution for medical ultrasound transducers

机译:多层PZT /聚合物复合材料可提高医疗超声换能器的信噪比和分辨率

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Increasing transducer bandwidth and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) isnfundamental to improving the quality of medical ultrasound images. Innprevious work, the authors have proposed the use of multi-layer 1-3nPZT/epoxy composites to increase both but have encountered significantnfabrication challenges. These difficulties include making the bondnthickness between the layers extremely small relative to the ultrasoundnwavelength and aligning the posts of the composite to increase thencoupling coefficient. The authors have routinely achieved a bondnthickness of less than 5 Μm but aligning the posts is morencomplicated. Finite element (PZFlex; Weidlinger, Assoc., New York, NYnand Los Altos, CA) simulations show that the pulse-echo SNR andnbandwidth degrade significantly with misalignment of the posts.nAlignment of greater than 90% of the post pitch (i.e., tolerance of 10nto 20 Μm) is required to obtain significant increases in SNR andnbandwidth relative to conventional transducer arrays. This will be andifficult tolerance for large-scale production. Thus, the authors havendeveloped a multi-layer composite hybrid array that will not requirenpost alignment. This structure consists of a layer of 5 MHz 1-3ncomposite material on top of conventional 5 MHz PZT, which will providengreater SNR relative to conventional composites and increased bandwidthnover multi-layer PZT. PZFlex simulations show that for a 2 MHz linearnarray element, the 2 layer hybrid structure increases the pulse-echo SNRnby 7.5 dB over that from a single layer PZT element. Even without anmatching layer, an increase in the -6 dB pulse-echo fractional bandwidthnfrom 22% for the PZT element to 35% for the hybrid element was alsonpredicted. Experimentally, in a 32 element array, the authors achievednan increase of 5.2 dB in SNR and an increased -6 dB bandwidth from 23 ton30%. In vitro and in vivo images showed corresponding improvements
机译:增加换能器带宽和信噪比(SNR)对于提高医学超声图像的质量是根本的。在以前的工作中,作者提出使用多层1-3nPZT /环氧树脂复合材料来增加两者,但遇到了重大的制造挑战。这些困难包括使层之间的键合厚度相对于超声波长极小,并使复合材料的柱对齐以增加热耦合系数。作者常规地实现了小于5微米的键合厚度,但是对齐桩更加复杂。有限元仿真(PZFlex; Weidlinger,Assoc。相对于常规换能器阵列,需要获得10n至20μm的噪声,才能获得SNR和n带宽的显着提高。这对于大规模生产将是困难的。因此,作者已经开发了不需要后对齐的多层复合混合阵列。这种结构由在常规5 MHz PZT之上的5 MHz 1-3n复合材料层组成,这将提供相对于常规复合材料更高的SNR,并在多层PZT上增加带宽。 PZFlex仿真显示,对于2 MHz线性阵列元件,与单层PZT元件相比,2层混合结构将脉冲回波SNRn提高7.5 dB。即使没有匹配层,也无法预测-6 dB脉冲回波分数带宽n从PZT元件的22%增加到混合元件的35%。实验上,在32个元素的阵列中,作者从23 ton30%的信噪比提高了5.2 dB,并增加了-6 dB的带宽。体外和体内图像显示出相应的改善

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