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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics >HapTable: An Interactive Tabletop Providing Online Haptic Feedback for Touch Gestures
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HapTable: An Interactive Tabletop Providing Online Haptic Feedback for Touch Gestures

机译：HapTable：一种交互式桌面，可为触摸手势提供在线触觉反馈

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摘要

We present HapTable; a multi-modal interactive tabletop that allows users to interact with digital images and objects through natural touch gestures, and receive visual and haptic feedback accordingly. In our system, hand pose is registered by an infrared camera and hand gestures are classified using a Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier. To display a rich set of haptic effects for both static and dynamic gestures, we integrated electromechanical and electrostatic actuation techniques effectively on tabletop surface of HapTable, which is a surface capacitive touch screen. We attached four piezo patches to the edges of tabletop to display vibrotactile feedback for static gestures. For this purpose, the vibration response of the tabletop, in the form of frequency response functions (FRFs), was obtained by a laser Doppler vibrometer for 84 grid points on its surface. Using these FRFs, it is possible to display localized vibrotactile feedback on the surface for static gestures. For dynamic gestures, we utilize the electrostatic actuation technique to modulate the frictional forces between finger skin and tabletop surface by applying voltage to its conductive layer. To our knowledge, this hybrid haptic technology is one of a kind and has not been implemented or tested on a tabletop. It opens up new avenues for gesture-based haptic interaction not only on tabletop surfaces but also on touch surfaces used in mobile devices with potential applications in data visualization, user interfaces, games, entertainment, and education. Here, we present two examples of such applications, one for static and one for dynamic gestures, along with detailed user studies. In the first one, user detects the direction of a virtual flow, such as that of wind or water, by putting their hand on the tabletop surface and feeling a vibrotactile stimulus traveling underneath it. In the second example, user rotates a virtual knob on the tabletop surface to select an item from a menu while feeling the knob's detents and resistance to rotation in the form of frictional haptic feedback.
机译：我们展示HapTable；一种多模式交互式桌面，允许用户通过自然的触摸手势与数字图像和对象进行交互，并相应地接收视觉和触觉反馈。在我们的系统中，通过红外摄像机记录手势，并使用支持向量机（SVM）分类器对手势进行分类。为了对静态和动态手势都显示出丰富的触觉效果，我们在HapTable的桌面表面上有效地集成了机电和静电驱动技术，这是一种表面电容式触摸屏。我们将四个压电贴片连接到桌面的边缘，以显示静态手势的触觉反馈。为此，通过激光多普勒振动计在其表面上的84个网格点获得了频率响应函数（FRF）形式的桌面振动响应。使用这些FRF，可以在表面上显示静态手势的局部触觉反馈。对于动态手势，我们利用静电驱动技术通过向其导电层施加电压来调节手指皮肤与桌面表面之间的摩擦力。据我们所知，这种混合式触觉技术是一种，尚未在桌面上实现或测试。它开辟了新的途径，使基于手势的触觉交互不仅在桌面表面上，而且在移动设备中使用的触摸表面上，在数据可视化，用户界面，游戏，娱乐和教育中都有潜在的应用。在这里，我们提供了此类应用程序的两个示例，一个用于静态手势，一个用于动态手势，以及详细的用户研究。在第一个中，用户通过将手放在桌面上并感觉到在其下传播的触觉刺激来检测虚拟流的方向，例如风或水。在第二个示例中，用户在桌面表面上旋转虚拟旋钮以从菜单中选择一个项目，同时以摩擦触觉反馈的形式感觉到旋钮的棘手和旋转阻力。

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