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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics >Semantics-Space-Time Cube: A Conceptual Framework for Systematic Analysis of Texts in Space and Time
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Semantics-Space-Time Cube: A Conceptual Framework for Systematic Analysis of Texts in Space and Time

机译：语义-时空立方体：时空文本系统分析的概念框架

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摘要

We propose an approach to analyzing data in which texts are associated with spatial and temporal references with the aim to understand how the text semantics vary over space and time. To represent the semantics, we apply probabilistic topic modeling. After extracting a set of topics and representing the texts by vectors of topic weights, we aggregate the data into a data cube with the dimensions corresponding to the set of topics, the set of spatial locations (e.g., regions), and the time divided into suitable intervals according to the scale of the planned analysis. Each cube cell corresponds to a combination (topic, location, time interval) and contains aggregate measures characterizing the subset of the texts concerning this topic and having the spatial and temporal references within these location and interval. Based on this structure, we systematically describe the space of analysis tasks on exploring the interrelationships among the three heterogeneous information facets, semantics, space, and time. We introduce the operations of projecting and slicing the cube, which are used to decompose complex tasks into simpler subtasks. We then present a design of a visual analytics system intended to support these subtasks. To reduce the complexity of the user interface, we apply the principles of structural, visual, and operational uniformity while respecting the specific properties of each facet. The aggregated data are represented in three parallel views corresponding to the three facets and providing different complementary perspectives on the data. The views have similar look-and-feel to the extent allowed by the facet specifics. Uniform interactive operations applicable to any view support establishing links between the facets. The uniformity principle is also applied in supporting the projecting and slicing operations on the data cube. We evaluate the feasibility and utility of the approach by applying it in two analysis scenarios using geolocated social media data for studying people's reactions to social and natural events of different spatial and temporal scales.
机译：我们提出了一种分析数据的方法，其中文本与时空参考相关联，旨在了解文本语义随空间和时间的变化。为了表示语义，我们应用概率主题建模。提取一组主题并通过主题权重向量表示文本之后，我们将数据聚合到一个数据多维数据集中，其维度与主题组，空间位置（例如区域）组和时间对应根据计划分析的规模确定合适的时间间隔。每个立方体单元格对应一个组合（主题，位置，时间间隔），并包含表征该主题文本子集的聚合度量，并在这些位置和间隔内具有时空参考。在此结构的基础上，我们通过探索三个异构信息方面，语义，空间和时间之间的相互关系，系统地描述了分析任务的空间。我们介绍了对多维数据集进行投影和切片的操作，这些操作用于将复杂的任务分解为更简单的子任务。然后，我们提出旨在支持这些子任务的视觉分析系统的设计。为了减少用户界面的复杂性，我们在尊重每个方面的特定属性的同时应用结构，视觉和操作统一性的原则。汇总的数据以对应于三个方面的三个平行视图表示，并在数据上提供了不同的互补视角。这些视图在构面细节允许的范围内具有相似的外观。适用于任何视图的统一交互操作支持在构面之间建立链接。统一性原则还用于支持数据多维数据集上的投影和切片操作。我们通过在两个分析场景中使用地理社交媒体数据来研究人们对不同时空尺度的社会和自然事件的反应，将其应用到两个分析场景中来评估该方法的可行性和实用性。

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