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首页> 外文期刊>IEEE transactions on visualization and computer graphics >Screen-Space Normal Distribution Function Caching for Consistent Multi-Resolution Rendering of Large Particle Data
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Screen-Space Normal Distribution Function Caching for Consistent Multi-Resolution Rendering of Large Particle Data

机译：大空间数据一致多分辨率渲染的屏幕空间正态分布函数缓存

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摘要

Molecular dynamics (MD) simulations are crucial to investigating important processes in physics and thermodynamics. The simulated atoms are usually visualized as hard spheres with Phong shading, where individual particles and their local density can be perceived well in close-up views. However, for large-scale simulations with 10 million particles or more, the visualization of large fields-of-view usually suffers from strong aliasing artifacts, because the mismatch between data size and output resolution leads to severe under-sampling of the geometry. Excessive super-sampling can alleviate this problem, but is prohibitively expensive. This paper presents a novel visualization method for large-scale particle data that addresses aliasing while enabling interactive high-quality rendering. We introduce the novel concept of screen-space normal distribution functions (S-NDFs) for particle data. S-NDFs represent the distribution of surface normals that map to a given pixel in screen space, which enables high-quality re-lighting without re-rendering particles. In order to facilitate interactive zooming, we cache S-NDFs in a screen-space mipmap (S-MIP). Together, these two concepts enable interactive, scale-consistent re-lighting and shading changes, as well as zooming, without having to re-sample the particle data. We show how our method facilitates the interactive exploration of real-world large-scale MD simulation data in different scenarios.
机译：分子动力学（MD）模拟对于研究物理和热力学中的重要过程至关重要。通常用Phong阴影将模拟原子可视化为硬球，在特写视图中可以很好地感知单个粒子及其局部密度。但是，对于具有1000万个或更多粒子的大规模模拟，大视野的可视化通常会遇到强烈的混叠伪影，因为数据大小和输出分辨率之间的不匹配会导致几何图形的严重欠采样。过多的超级采样可以缓解此问题，但价格昂贵。本文提出了一种用于大规模粒子数据的新颖可视化方法，该方法可解决混叠问题，同时实现交互式高质量渲染。我们介绍了用于粒子数据的屏幕空间正态分布函数（S-NDF）的新颖概念。 S-NDF表示映射到屏幕空间中给定像素的表面法线的分布，从而可以进行高质量的重新照明而无需重新渲染粒子。为了促进交互式缩放，我们将S-NDF缓存在屏幕空间Mipmap（S-MIP）中。这两个概念共同实现了交互式，比例一致的重新照明和阴影更改以及缩放，而无需重新采样粒子数据。我们展示了我们的方法如何促进在不同情况下对现实世界中大规模MD仿真数据的交互式探索。

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