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首页> 外文期刊>Visualization and Computer Graphics, IEEE Transactions on >Design of 2D Time-Varying Vector Fields
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Design of 2D Time-Varying Vector Fields

机译：二维时变矢量场的设计

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摘要

Design of time-varying vector fields, i.e., vector fields that can change over time, has a wide variety of important applications in computer graphics. Existing vector field design techniques do not address time-varying vector fields. In this paper, we present a framework for the design of time-varying vector fields, both for planar domains as well as manifold surfaces. Our system supports the creation and modification of various time-varying vector fields with desired spatial and temporal characteristics through several design metaphors, including streamlines, pathlines, singularity paths, and bifurcations. These design metaphors are integrated into an element-based design to generate the time-varying vector fields via a sequence of basis field summations or spatial constrained optimizations at the sampled times. The key-frame design and field deformation are also introduced to support other user design scenarios. Accordingly, a spatial-temporal constrained optimization and the time-varying transformation are employed to generate the desired fields for these two design scenarios, respectively. We apply the time-varying vector fields generated using our design system to a number of important computer graphics applications that require controllable dynamic effects, such as evolving surface appearance, dynamic scene design, steerable crowd movement, and painterly animation. Many of these are difficult or impossible to achieve via prior simulation-based methods. In these applications, the time-varying vector fields have been applied as either orientation fields or advection fields to control the instantaneous appearance or evolving trajectories of the dynamic effects.
机译：时变矢量场的设计，即可以随时间变化的矢量场，在计算机图形学中具有各种各样的重要应用。现有的矢量场设计技术不能解决随时间变化的矢量场。在本文中，我们提出了一个时变矢量场设计框架，适用于平面域和流形表面。我们的系统通过几个设计隐喻（包括流线，路径，奇异路径和分叉）来支持创建和修改具有所需空间和时间特征的各种时变矢量场。这些设计隐喻被集成到基于元素的设计中，以在采样时间通过一系列基本场求和或空间约束优化生成时变矢量场。还介绍了关键帧设计和字段变形，以支持其他用户设计方案。因此，采用时空约束优化和时变变换分别为这两个设计方案生成所需的字段。我们将使用我们的设计系统生成的时变矢量场应用于许多需要可控动态效果的重要计算机图形应用程序，例如不断变化的表面外观，动态场景设计，可控的人群移动和绘画动画。通过现有的基于仿真的方法很难或不可能实现其中许多。在这些应用中，时变矢量场已被用作方向场或对流场，以控制动态效果的瞬时出现或演变轨迹。

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