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首页> 外文期刊>IEEJ energy journal >Grid Flexibility Offered by Distributed Combined Heat and Power Using Carbon-neutral Methane Produced from Renewable Surplus Electricity—Power to Gas, Carbon Recycling, Utilization of Existing City Gas Network—
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Grid Flexibility Offered by Distributed Combined Heat and Power Using Carbon-neutral Methane Produced from Renewable Surplus Electricity—Power to Gas, Carbon Recycling, Utilization of Existing City Gas Network—

机译：使用可再生盈余电力产生的碳中和甲烷，通过分布式热电联产实现电网灵活性—电力发电，煤气回收，碳回收，利用现有的城市燃气网络—

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This study assessed a "CNM-CHP model" that offers grid flexibility through offsetting renewable energy output fluctuations by utilizing the margin output capacity of existing combined heat and power (CHP) for ramping-up (equivalent to downward demand response), while blending carbon-neutral (CN) methane, that is produced from surplus renewable electricity and CO_2 emitted intensively from biomass power generation, large-scale industrial production and fossil-fired power generation, into the existing city gas network to decarbonize city gas. CN methane is a renewable synthesized fuel produced from combination of PtG (power to gas) as a grid integration measure and CCU (carbon capture and utilization). CN methane as being feedstock for city gas is expected to decarbonize city gas and to reduce supply cost of renewable hydrogen by using existing city gas network without major adjustments inherently required for supplying hydrogen. Thanks to these advantages in CN methane, activities such as demonstration projects have been pioneered in European countries such as Germany and followed by Japan in recent years. CN methane, as representing one of the carbon recycling technologies using CO_2 once emitted, is drawing attention from the Carbon Recycling Promotion Office established at the Agency for Natural Resources and Energy, Japan in February 2019. Meanwhile, CHPs as distributed resources in VPP (virtual power plants) are expected to provide a function for mitigating renewable energy output fluctuations. In addition to the regular heat and power supply operation, CHPs ramp up the margin output capacity to offset declines in renewable energy output. Although CHP higher total efficiency contributes to more CO_2 reduction than LNG-fired power plants used for the same purpose, CHPs emit CO_2 to some extent as long as consuming natural gas-based city gas. However, the combination of CN methane production from renewable surplus electricity and consumption of CN methane by CHPs through city gas network may realize enhancement of grid flexibility in a lower-carbon manner. As the "CNM-CHP model" uses CHPs introduced for the original objective, supplying heat and power to customers in a cost-saving manner, for grid flexibility, there may be economic advantages over other energy storage technologies that should be introduced additionally. The "CNM-CHP model" can be regarded as a grid flexibility option that uses huge energy storage system that is composed of the existing city gas network including CHPs. According to "CNM-CHP" analysis results from power generation mix model assuming Japan as a single region for the sake of simplicity, the following were found out:
机译：这项研究评估了一种“ CNM-CHP模型”，该模型通过利用现有的热电联产（CHP）的边际输出容量来加速（相当于向下需求响应），同时混合碳，从而通过抵消可再生能源输出波动来提供电网灵活性。中性（CN）甲烷，它是由多余的可再生电力和生物质发电，大规模工业生产以及化石燃料发电密集排放的CO_2产生的，进入现有的城市燃气网络以使城市燃气脱碳。 CN甲烷是一种可再生的合成燃料，由作为电网集成措施的PtG（电力到天然气）和CCU（碳捕获和利用）结合而成。甲烷CN作为城市燃气的原料，有望通过使用现有的城市燃气网络使城市燃气脱碳并降低可再生氢气的供应成本，而无需固有地对供应氢气进行重大调整。得益于CN甲烷的这些优势，示范项目等活动已在德国等欧洲国家率先开展，近年来日本也紧随其后。 CN甲烷代表了一次使用CO_2的碳回收技术之一，它已引起2019年2月在日本自然资源与能源局成立的碳回收促进办公室的关注。同时，CHPs作为VPP中的分布式资源（虚拟电厂）有望提供缓解可再生能源输出波动的功能。除常规的供热和电力供应操作外，热电联产还提高了边际产出能力，以抵消可再生能源产量的下降。尽管与用于相同目的的液化天然气发电厂相比，热电联产的更高总效率有助于减少更多的CO_2，但是只要消耗以天然气为基础的城市燃气，热电联产在某种程度上会排放CO_2。但是，将可再生剩余电力生产的CN甲烷与CHP通过城市燃气网络消耗的CN甲烷相结合，可以以低碳的方式提高电网的灵活性。由于“ CNM-CHP模型”使用为原始目标引入的CHP，以节省成本的方式为客户提供热量和电力，以实现电网灵活性，因此与应额外引入的其他储能技术相比，可能具有经济优势。 “ CNM-CHP模型”可以看作是使用大型储能系统的电网灵活性选项，该系统由包括CHP在内的现有城市燃气网络组成。根据为简单起见将日本作为一个地区的发电混合模型的“ CNM-CHP”分析结果，发现以下内容：

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  • 来源
    《IEEJ energy journal》 |2019年第3期|91-121|共31页
  • 作者

    Yoshiaki Shibata;

  • 作者单位

    New and Renewable Energy Group Electric Power Industry & New and Renewable Energy Unit The Institute of Energy Economics Japan;

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