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Include Practice To Avoid Your Most-likely Screw-ups

机译：采取措施避免您最可能的麻烦

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The perfect proficiency flight begins on the ground. Many of the drills can't be properly performed without a good deal of prior thought and planning. For many of the abnormal procedures, the tough part isn't executing the procedures well. The challenge is knowing all the steps and the proper order. For many systems failures, the required actions may be as simple as flipping a few switches and diverting. But knowing which switches is often a struggle for the rusty pilot. Ground prep and review can be worth more than the in-flight simulated failure, in terms of raising proficiency.rnSetting up a good proficiency flight requires some research into two main areas. First, how do pilots like you commonly meet with trouble? For the typical GA pilot, a few broad areas account for the vast majority of accidents and incidents: fuel exhaustion, low-level maneuvering, VFR into IMC, controlled flight into terrain (CFIT), loss of control (LOC), and approach and landing accidents (ALA). Ask yourself if you are more or less likely to succumb to any of the above.rnFor example, if your typical flight is one hour with full tanks, and you have a fuel totalizer on board, you're not likely to end up as a fuel-exhaustion statistic. If all your flying is to airports in Kansas served by an ILS, you can move CFIT down the list a bit. As nice as it would be to cover everything, practicality demands lasering in on the areas most likely to bite you. On the accident-cause list above, the more experienced a pilot is the more they tend to shift to causes at the end of the list. The last three (CFIT, LOC and ALA) are the big killers of professional, turbine operations.
机译：完美的熟练飞行始于地面。没有大量的事先思考和计划，许多练习都无法正确进行。对于许多异常过程，困难的部分是无法很好地执行过程。挑战在于知道所有步骤和正确的顺序。对于许多系统故障，所需的动作可能像翻转几个开关然后转向一样简单。但是，对于生锈的飞行员来说，知道哪些开关通常是一件艰苦的事情。就提高熟练度而言，地面准备和检查比飞行中的模拟故障更有价值。设置良好的熟练飞行需要对两个主要领域进行一些研究。首先，像您这样的飞行员通常会遇到麻烦吗？对于典型的通用航空飞行员来说，绝大多数事故和事件是由几个广阔的区域造成的：燃油耗尽，低空机动，进入IMC的VFR，进入地形的受控飞行（CFIT），失控（LOC）以及进近和着陆事故（ALA）。问问自己自己是否或多或少会屈服于以上任何一种情况。例如，如果您的典型飞行是满油箱的一小时飞行，并且机上装有燃油累加器，那么您就不可能最终接受燃油消耗统计。如果您所有的航班都是由ILS飞往堪萨斯州的机场，则可以将CFIT移到列表下方。尽管涵盖所有内容，但实用性很强，需要对最可能咬住您的区域进行激光打孔。在上面的事故原因列表中，飞行员越有经验，他们越倾向于转移到列表末尾的原因。后三项（CFIT，LOC和ALA）是专业涡轮机运营的主要杀手。

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    《IFR》 |2009年第4期|7-7|共1页
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