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Optimal Protection Coordination for Microgrids Considering N 1 Contingency

机译：考虑N 1应变的微电网最优保护协调

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摘要

Usually, protection coordination problems are solved under the assumption that the network topology is fixed. Yet, in practice, any power system can encounter changes in the network topology due to transient events. These transient events can be in the form of line or generation source outage. Furthermore, in the presence of distributed generation, the network topology can change depending on whether the system is operating in the grid-connected or islanded mode. Thus, it is essential to consider all possible network topologies while designing a protection scheme for distribution systems with distributed generation (DG). In this paper, the protection coordination problem is solved to determine the optimal relay settings considering N 1 contingency, which can result from a single line, DG unit, or substation outage. In addition, the relays are designed taking into account both grid-connected and islanded operation modes. The problem has been formulated as a mixed integer nonlinear programming problem including coordination constraints corresponding to the various possible outages. The proposed approach is tested on a 9-bus radial distribution system and on the IEEE 14-bus meshed distribution system, both equipped with DG units.
机译：通常，在网络拓扑固定的前提下解决保护协调问题。但是，实际上，任何电源系统都可能由于瞬态事件而导致网络拓扑发生变化。这些瞬态事件可以是线路中断或发电源中断的形式。此外，在存在分布式发电的情况下，网络拓扑可以根据系统是以网格连接还是孤岛模式运行而改变。因此，在设计具有分布式发电（DG）的配电系统的保护方案时，必须考虑所有可能的网络拓扑。在本文中，解决了保护协调问题，以考虑N 1偶然性确定最佳继电器设置，这可能是由单条线路，DG单元或变电站中断引起的。此外，继电器在设计时考虑了并网和孤岛运行模式。该问题已被表述为混合整数非线性规划问题，其中包括与各种可能的停机相对应的协调约束。所建议的方法在9总线径向分配系统和IEEE 14总线网状分配系统上进行了测试，这两个系统均配有DG单元。

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