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首页> 外文期刊>Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets (Formerly Current Drug Targets - Infectious Disorders) >Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Cancer: Stress or Viral Etiology?
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Diabetes Mellitus as a Risk Factor for Cancer: Stress or Viral Etiology?

机译:糖尿病是癌症的危险因素:压力还是病毒病因?

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Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a metabolic disorder. Currently over 230 million patients demonstrate already an epidemic scale of the disease. It is a lifelong progressive disease with a high mortality worldwide: every 10 seconds one patient dies on DM-related consequences. Whereas cardio-vascular complications are well-known for DM, it is relatively new consideration that diabetic patients are highly predisposed to cancer. Particularities of molecular pathomechanisms of cancer in diabetes are currently largely unclear. Disturbed glucose/insulin homeostasis is DM-specific stress factor resulting in increased production of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) and oxidative damage to chromosomal and mitochondrial DNA frequently observed in diabetic patients. Long-term accumulation of DNA mutations is wellacknowledged as triggering cancer. DNA-repair is highly energy consuming process which provokes increased mitochondrial activity. Particularly dangerous is a provoked activity of damaged mitochondria which leads to the “vicious circle” lowing energy supply and potentiating ROS production. Mitochondrial dysfunction is the well-acknowledged risk factor for neuro/degenerative diseases - one of possible pathomechanisms for various complications developed secondary to diabetes. At the same time, mitochondrial dysfunction might be implicated in pathomechanisms of diabetes-provoked cancer. There is a growing body of evidence that DM predisposes to almost all cancer types with some particular preferences. Frequently suffering from compromised immune response, diabetic patients is high-risk group for infectious disorders including viral infections. In its turn, viral infections are known to be implicated in cancer pathology. This review considers both stress and viral infections as possible etiology of cancer in diabetes.
机译:糖尿病(DM)是一种代谢性疾病。目前,已有超过2.3亿患者表现出该病的流行规模。它是一种终生进行性疾病,在全球范围内具有很高的死亡率:每10秒就有一名患者死于与DM相关的后果。糖尿病是众所周知的心血管并发症,而糖尿病患者极易患癌症是一个相对较新的考虑因素。目前在很大程度上尚不清楚糖尿病的癌症分子致病机理。葡萄糖/胰岛素稳态紊乱是DM特定的应激因素,导致糖尿病患者经常观察到活性氧(ROS)的产生增加以及对染色体和线粒体DNA的氧化损伤。 DNA突变的长期积累被公认为引发癌症。 DNA修复是高耗能的过程,它引起线粒体活性增加。尤其危险的是线粒体受损引起的激怒活动,导致“恶性循环”,降低了能量供应并增强了ROS的产生。线粒体功能障碍是公认的神经/退行性疾病风险因素-糖尿病继发的各种并发症的可能发病机制之一。同时,线粒体功能障碍可能与糖尿病诱发的癌症的发病机制有关。越来越多的证据表明,DM易感于几乎所有类型的癌症,并且具有某些特殊偏好。糖尿病患者经常遭受免疫反应受损,是包括病毒感染在内的传染病的高危人群。反过来,已知病毒感染与癌症病理有关。这篇评论认为压力和病毒感染是糖尿病中癌症的可能病因。

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