Editorial

Chun-Ming Huang

摘要

With increasing interest in new drug and/or vaccine targets for the treatments of skin infectious diseases, this special issue is focused specifically on current advancements in antimicrobial peptides, vaccines as well as novel technologies for detection of skin microbiota [1].nnThe first paper, by Brigit Schittek, in this issue exemplifies various antimicrobial peptides or proteins (AMPs) in human skins and discusses their roles in a range of skin diseases. These human AMPs are either expressed constitutively like RNase 7, psoriasin or dermcidin or after an inflammatory stimulus like the β-defensins-2 and -3 or the cathelicidin LL-37. The author suggests that AMPs have a therapeutical potential as topical anti-infectives in several skin diseases.nnThe second paper, by Richard L. Gallo, discusses the involvement of Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the expansion of skin infections and inflammatory diseases, and draws attention to the potential application of TLR agonists or antagonists in various skin diseases. Tom Coenye highlights the biofilm formation of Propionibacterium acnes (P. acnes) and their possible roles in the pathogenesis of acne vulgaris, a common disorder of the pilosebaceous follicles. In the fourth paper, Chun-Ming “Eric” Huang introduces a novel therapy for acne vulgaris. A vaccine targeting a cell wall-anchored sialidase of P. acnes effectively suppresses the P. acnes-induced inflammation, suggesting that the vaccine may be a new modality for treatments of P. acnesassociated diseases. Most importantly, the review introduces a protein molecule (a surface sialidase) that potentially can serve as an anti-acne drug target.nnThe fifth paper, by Yen-Peng Ho, offers specific guidance on the detection of proteins of Staphylococcus species by mass spectrometry-based approaches. The paper emphasizes a direct mass spectrometric analysis of whole pathogenic bacterial cells taken directly from a colony. The paper by Yu-Tsueng Liu reviews the applications of microarray and ultra high throughput sequencing technologies for diagnostic microbiology. The seventh paper, by Jianfeng Zhang, introduces a new vaccine vector using non-replicating Escherichia coli (E. coli) particles overproducing pathogen-derived antigens. The E. coli-vectored vaccines may benefit developing countries since they eliminate the time-consuming and deleterious requirement for the biochemical purification of antigens, the hazard of contemporary adjuvants, and the intrinsic problems associated with needle injections. The final paper in the special issue discusses the antimicrobial activity of histones. The authors speculate that histones may play critical roles as an ancient innate host defense system against pathogens prior to their integration as elements of chromatin structure in eukaryotic organisms.nnWe hope you enjoy reading these papers as we did. Special thanks must go to our reviewers for the special issue. We set ourselves a tight timetable for publication, and this put additional pressure on the reviewers to complete their reviews in a timely fashion.

机译：随着对治疗皮肤感染性疾病的新药物和/或疫苗靶标的兴趣日益浓厚，本期专刊专门针对抗菌肽，疫苗以及检测皮肤微生物群的新技术的最新进展[1] .nn第一篇论文由Brigit Schittek撰写，本期例证了人类皮肤中的各种抗菌肽或蛋白质（AMP），并讨论了它们在一系列皮肤疾病中的作用。这些人AMPs可以像RNase 7，牛皮癣菌素或真皮蛋白那样组成性表达，也可以在炎症刺激后像β-defensins-2和-3或cathelicidin LL-37一样表达。作者建议AMPs在几种皮肤疾病中作为局部抗感染药具有治疗潜力。nn理查德·加洛（Richard L. Gallo）的第二篇论文讨论了Toll样受体（TLR）与皮肤感染和炎症性疾病的发展有关，并提请注意TLR激动剂或拮抗剂在各种皮肤疾病中的潜在应用。汤姆·科尼耶（Tom Coenye）着重介绍了痤疮丙酸杆菌（P. acnes）的生物膜形成及其在寻常痤疮（一种常见的毛囊状毛囊疾病）的发病机理中的可能作用。在第四篇论文中，黄春明介绍了一种治疗寻常型痤疮的新疗法。针对痤疮丙酸杆菌细胞壁锚定的唾液酸酶的疫苗可有效抑制痤疮丙酸杆菌诱导的炎症，这表明该疫苗可能是治疗痤疮丙酸杆菌相关疾病的新方法。最重要的是，该综述引入了一种蛋白质分子（表面唾液酸酶），该分子有可能用作抗痤疮的药物靶标。nnYen-Peng Ho的第五篇论文为质谱检测葡萄球菌的蛋白质提供了具体指导。基于方法。本文强调了直接从菌落中提取的整个致病细菌细胞的直接质谱分析。 Liu Yu-Tsueng的论文回顾了微阵列和超高通量测序技术在诊断微生物学中的应用。张建峰的第七篇论文介绍了一种新的疫苗载体，该载体使用了非复制型大肠杆菌（E. coli）颗粒，该颗粒过度产生病原体衍生的抗原。大肠杆菌载体疫苗可以使发展中国家受益，因为它们消除了对抗原生物化学纯化的耗时且有害的要求，现代佐剂的危害以及与针头注射相关的内在问题。本期特刊的最后一篇文章讨论了组蛋白的抗菌活性。作者推测，组蛋白在将病原体整合为真核生物的染色质结构元素之前，可能是古老的先天宿主防御系统，对病原体起着至关重要的作用。我们希望您能像我们一样阅读这些论文。特别要感谢特别评论的审稿人。我们为发布制定了严格的时间表，这给审阅者施加了额外的压力，要求他们及时完成审阅。

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