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首页> 外文期刊>Infectious Disorders - Drug Targets >Reconstruction of the 1918 Pandemic Influenza Virus: How Revealing the Molecular Secrets of the Virus Responsible for the Worst Pandemic in Recorded History Can Guide Our Response to Future Influenza Pandemics
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Reconstruction of the 1918 Pandemic Influenza Virus: How Revealing the Molecular Secrets of the Virus Responsible for the Worst Pandemic in Recorded History Can Guide Our Response to Future Influenza Pandemics

机译：重建1918年大流行性流感病毒：如何揭示有记录的历史中最严重的大流行性流感病毒的分子秘密，可以指导我们对未来流感大流行的反应

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There is an ever-present threat that a pandemic will result from the emergence of a new influenza strain to which humans have little immunity. In 1957 and 1968, new influenza viruses emerged into the human population and spread globally. Those pandemics were associated with high rates of illness and mortality, but both paled in comparison with the influenza pandemic of 1918. Reconstruction of the 1918 pandemic virus and studies to elucidate the exceptional virulence of the virus will be important steps toward understanding virulent influenza strains. One approach has been to reconstruct recombinant viruses, in which genes of the 1918 virus are replaced with genes from contemporary human influenza viruses in attempts to understand which of the eight virus gene segments contribute to its high virulence. The identification of the precise pandemic virus genes associated with replication may help elucidate virulence factors for other influenza viruses with pandemic potential and, thereby, help identify targets for drug intervention. An important role of antiviral drugs during an influenza pandemic will be to slow virus replication and subsequent spread while an appropriate vaccine is in production. The topics included in this review highlight areas of active research into the understanding of what made the 1918 pandemic influenza virus so virulent and transmissible. Such research is being done with the hope that the knowledge gained will allow the world to better prepare for and respond to future influenza pandemics.
机译：不断出现的威胁是，新的流感病毒株的出现将导致大流行，而人类对此几乎没有免疫力。在1957年和1968年，新的流感病毒出现在人口中，并在全球传播。这些大流行与高发病率和高死亡率相关，但与1918年的流感大流行相比，两者相形见pale。重建1918年的大流行病毒和研究以阐明这种病毒的特殊毒力将是理解有毒力的流感毒株的重要步骤。一种方法是重建重组病毒，其中用现代人流感病毒的基因替换1918病毒的基因，以试图了解八个病毒基因片段中的哪一个对其高毒力有贡献。与复制相关的精确大流行病毒基因的鉴定可以帮助阐明具有大流行潜力的其他流感病毒的毒力因子，从而帮助确定药物干预的目标。在流感大流行期间，抗病毒药物的重要作用是在生产合适的疫苗时减慢病毒的复制和随后的传播。这篇综述中的主题重点介绍了积极的研究领域，以了解1918年大流行性流感病毒如此强大和可传播的原因。正在进行这样的研究，希望所获得的知识将使世界更好地为未来的流感大流行做好准备并做出应对。

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