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A typology of political participation online: how citizens used Twitter to mobilize during the 2015 British general elections

机译：在线政治参与的类型：2015年英国大选期间公民如何使用Twitter进行动员

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摘要

This study investigates how, and to what extent, citizens use Twitter as a platform for political mobilization in an electoral context. Conceptualizing political participation as a process, we develop a typology of political participation designed to isolate mobilizing calls for action from the rest of the political discussion online. Based on Twitter data collected one week prior to the 2015 British general election, we then identify the top 100 most retweeted accounts using the hashtag #GE2015, classify them by actor type, and perform a content analysis of their Twitter posts according to our typology. Our results show that citizens - not political parties - are the primary initiators and sharers of political calls for action leading up to the election. However, this finding is largely due to an uneven distribution of citizen-driven mobilizing activity. A small number of highly active users, typically supporters of nationalist parties, are by far the most active users in our dataset. We also identify four primary strategies used by citizens to enact mobilization through Twitter: in-text calls for action, hashtag commands, sharing mobilizing content, and frequent postings. Citizens predominantly expressed political calls for action through Twitter's hashtag feature, a finding that supports the notion that traditional conceptions of political participation require nuance to accommodate the new ways citizens are participating in the politics of the digital age.
机译：这项研究调查了公民如何以及在何种程度上使用Twitter作为选举背景下的政治动员平台。我们将政治参与概念化为一个过程，我们开发了一种政治参与类型学，旨在将动员行动的呼吁与其他在线政治讨论区分开来。根据2015年英国大选之前一周收集的Twitter数据，我们使用标签＃GE2015识别转发次数最多的前100个帐户，按演员类型对其进行分类，并根据我们的类型对Twitter帖子进行内容分析。我们的结果表明，公民而不是政党是选举前政治行动的主要发起者和分享者。但是，这一发现很大程度上是由于公民驱动的动员活动分布不均。到目前为止，少数活跃用户（通常是民族主义支持者）是我们数据集中最活跃的用户。我们还确定了公民用于通过Twitter进行动员的四种主要策略：文字行动呼吁，主题标签命令，共享动员内容以及频繁发帖。公民主要通过Twitter的标签功能表达了对采取行动的政治呼吁，这一发现支持了以下观念：传统的政治参与概念需要细微差别，以适应公民参与数字时代政治的新方式。

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