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Cultural divides and digital inequalities: attitudes shaping Internet and social media divides

机译：文化划分和数字不平等：塑造互联网和社交媒体的态度

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摘要

Researchers on digital divides have identified demographic and attitudinal factors associated with inequalities in access, skills, and patterns of Internet use, primarily around age, income, and education. While the attitudes and values of Internet users and non-users have been studied over the years, they have rarely been used to identify broader 'cultures of the Internet' and their role in shaping digital divides. This paper builds on research in Britain, which focused on patterns of attitudes underpinning Internet cultures, to explore the degree that similar or distinctive cultures have developed in the USA, and whether and how they are useful in explaining digital divides. This study utilizes original data drawn from a telephone survey of residents across the State of Michigan that adapted survey items and methods from the Oxford Internet Survey of Britain. Based on these survey responses, the paper identifies and describes the cultures of the Internet among Michigan residents, as an exploratory case of the US as a whole, and shows how these cultures shape digital divides in Internet access and social media use. The robustness and explanatory power of these explorations of Internet cultures argue for further research on the United States and for comparative research with other nations.
机译：数字分裂的研究人员已经确定了与互联网使用的访问，技能和模式的不平等相关的人口和态度因素，主要是围绕年龄，收入和教育。虽然多年来已经研究了互联网用户和非用户的态度和价值，但他们很少被用来识别更广泛的“互联网文化”及其在塑造数字分裂方面的作用。本文在英国的研究中建立了研究，这些论点集中于历史态度的模式，探讨了美国在美国发展的类似或独特文化的程度，以及如何以及如何以及如何解释数字鸿沟。本研究利用了从密歇根州的居民的电话调查中汲取的原始数据，该调查适应了来自英国牛津互联网调查的调查项目和方法。根据这些调查答复，本文确定了密歇根居民之间互联网的文化，作为整个美国的探索性案例，并展示了这些文化如何在互联网接入和社交媒体中塑造数字分界。这些互联网文化探索的鲁棒性和解释能力争论对美国的进一步研究以及与其他国家的比较研究。

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