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Generalised scepticism: how people navigate news on social media

机译：广义怀疑：人们如何在社交媒体上导航新闻

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摘要

Social media is an increasingly widely used and important source of news. News on social media is 'selected' by a variety of actors, including the editors and journalists that produce the content, and the algorithms developed by technology companies to make automatic display decisions based on users' past behaviour and the actions of their friends. We analyse how people navigate news on social media, and focus on their perception of the different kinds of news selection involved. The analysis uses a mixed-methods design based on focus group material and survey data from Germany, Spain, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Across all four countries, with their different political and media systems, we find (i) that the majority do not understand exactly how the information they receive is filtered by algorithms, but they do not uncritically accept it either, because they are sceptical of all forms of selection. including that performed by editors and journalists, (ii) that approval for algorithmic selection is stronger amongst younger people, and (iii) that those with a high level of interest in 'soft' news topics (and low interest in 'hard' news topics) are more likely to approve of news algorithmically selected on the basis of what their friends have consumed. We argue that the way in which most people navigate news on social media is thus based on a 'generalised scepticism' where people question all kinds of selection.
机译：社交媒体是越来越广泛使用和重要的新闻来源。社交媒体的新闻是由各种演员的“选择”，包括生产内容的编辑和记者，以及技术公司开发的算法，以基于用户过去行为和朋友的行为自动显示决策。我们分析了人们如何在社交媒体上导航新闻，并专注于他们对所涉及的不同新闻选择的看法。该分析采用了基于焦点组材料的混合方法设计和来自德国，西班牙，英国和美国的调查数据。在所有四个国家，通过不同的政治和媒体系统，我们发现（i）大多数人究竟不了解他们接收的信息是如何通过算法过滤的，但他们也没有拒绝接受它，因为它们是所有人的持怀疑态度选择形式。包括由编辑和记者执行的，（ii）批准算法选择中的批准在年轻人中更强大，（iii）在“软”新闻主题（对'硬'新闻主题中具有高兴趣）更有可能在基于他们的朋友消费的基础上批准批准的新闻。因此，我们认为大多数人在社交媒体上导航新闻的方式是基于人们质疑各种选择的“广义怀疑”。

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