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ICT and productivity: conclusions from the empirical literature

机译:ICT与生产力:来自经验文献的结论

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Innovation drives economic competitiveness and sustained long-term economic growth. Especially the emergence and intensive utilization of information and communication technologies (ICTs), which spawned the beginning of the digital economy two decades ago, heavily affected the opportunities and efficiency of how firms produce and provide goods and services. We provide an overview of the empirical literature on ICT and productivity and highlight the main results and methodological differences. The majority of studies indicates that the productivity effect of ICT is indeed positive and significant. However, methodological approaches of how to appropriately estimate the ICT effect matter. While aggregate and sectoral growth accounting exercises suggest stronger differences of the ICT effect between US and Europe, firm-level analyses suggest no significant country differences. Moreover, we shed light on the notion of ICT being a General Propose Technology (GPT) enabling further innovations. Most of the GPT evidence on ICT is found for the US, while evidence for European countries is harder to come by. However, more theoretical and empirical research is needed to better understand spillovers and externalities of ICT and how these technologies transform our economies.
机译:创新可推动经济竞争力和持续的长期经济增长。特别是二十多年前催生了数字经济的信息和通信技术(ICT)的出现和大量使用,严重影响了公司生产和提供商品与服务的机会和效率。我们概述了有关ICT和生产力的经验文献,并重点介绍了主要结果和方法上的差异。大多数研究表明,ICT的生产力效应确实是积极而显着的。但是,如何适当估计ICT效果的方法学方法很重要。虽然总体和部门增长核算表明美国和欧洲之间的ICT效应存在更大的差异,但公司层面的分析表明,国家之间没有显着差异。此外,我们阐明了ICT是一种通用技术(GPT)的概念,可以实现进一步的创新。 GPT的大多数ICT证据都是在美国找到的,而欧洲国家的证据则很难获得。但是,需要进行更多的理论和实证研究,以更好地了解ICT的溢出效应和外部性,以及这些技术如何改变我们的经济。

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