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Weak information work in scientific discovery

机译:科学发现中的信息工作薄弱

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Scientists continually work with information to move their research projects forward, but the activities involved in finding and using information and their impact on discovery are poorly understood. In the Information and Discovery in Neu-roscience (IDN) project we investigated the information work involved as researchers make progress and confront problems in the practice of brain research. Through case studies of recent neuroscience projects, we found that the most difficult and time-consuming information activities had parallels with Simon's explication of weak methods in scientific problem solving. But, while Simon's weak/strong distinction is an effective device for interpreting information work, his general conception of how discovery takes place is artificially constrained. We present cross-case and case-based results from the IDN project to illustrate how the conditions of problem solving Simon associated with weak methods relate to information work and to identify additional weak aspects of the research process not considered by Simon. Our analysis both extends Simon's framework of what constitutes the discovery process and further elaborates how weak approaches influence the conduct of research.
机译:科学家们不断地与信息打交道,以推动他们的研究项目前进,但是人们对了解和利用信息所涉及的活动及其对发现的影响知之甚少。在神经科学中的信息与发现(IDN)项目中,我们研究了随着研究人员取得进展并解决大脑研究实践中的问题而涉及的信息工作。通过对最近的神经科学项目的案例研究,我们发现最困难和最耗时的信息活动与西蒙在解决科学问题中采用弱方法相类似。但是,尽管西蒙的弱/强区别是解释信息工作的有效手段,但他关于发现如何发生的一般概念却受到人为限制。我们提供了来自IDN项目的跨案例和基于案例的结果,以说明与弱方法相关的Simon解决问题的条件如何与信息工作相关,并确定Simon未考虑的研究过程中的其他弱方面。我们的分析不仅扩展了西蒙关于发现过程的框架,而且进一步阐述了弱方法对研究行为的影响。

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