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Error estimation, error correction and verification in quantum key distribution

机译：量子密钥分发中的错误估计，错误纠正和验证

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摘要

The authors consider error correction in quantum key distribution. To avoid that Alice and Bob unwittingly end up with different keys, precautions must be taken. Before running the error correction protocol, Bob and Alice normally sacrifice some bits to estimate the error rate. To reduce the probability that they end up with different keys to an acceptable level, the authors show that a large number of bits must be sacrificed. Instead, if Alice and Bob can make a good guess about the error rate before the error correction, they can verify that their keys are similar after the error correction protocol. In this study, the authors show that this verification can be done by utilising properties of low-density parity check codes used in the error correction. The authors compare the different methods and show that by verification it is often possible to sacrifice less bits without compromising security. The improvement is heavily dependent on the error rate and the block length, but for a key produced by the IdQuantique system Clavis2, the increase in the key rate is ~5%. The authors also show that for systems with large fluctuations in the error rate, a combination of the two methods is optimal.
机译：作者考虑了量子密钥分配中的错误校正。为避免Alice和Bob意外地得到不同的密钥，必须采取预防措施。在运行错误校正协议之前，Bob和Alice通常会牺牲一些位来估计错误率。为了将使用不同密钥结尾的可能性降低到可接受的水平，作者表明必须牺牲大量比特。相反，如果Alice和Bob可以在纠错之前对错误率做出很好的猜测，那么他们可以在纠错协议之后验证其密钥是否相似。在这项研究中，作者表明可以通过利用在纠错中使用的低密度奇偶校验码的属性来完成此验证。作者比较了不同的方法，并表明通过验证，通常可以牺牲更少的比特而不会损害安全性。改进很大程度上取决于错误率和块长度，但是对于由IdQuantique系统Clavis 2 生成的密钥，密钥率的增加约为5％。作者还表明，对于错误率波动较大的系统，两种方法的组合是最佳的。

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