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Understanding the structure of musical compositions: Is visualization an effective approach?

机译：了解音乐作品的结构：可视化是一种有效的方法吗？

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Experienced musicians have the ability to understand the structural elements of music compositions. Such an ability is built over time through the study of music theory, the understanding of rules that guide the composition of music, and countless hours of practice. The learning process is hard, especially for classical music, where the rigidity of the music structures and styles requires great effort to understand, assimilate, and then master the learned notions. In particular, we focused our attention on a specific type of music compositions, namely, music in chorale style (four-voice music). Composing such type of music is often perceived as a difficult task because of the rules the composer has to adhere to. In this article, we propose a visualization technique that can help people lacking a strong knowledge of music theory. The technique exploits graphic elements to draw the attention on the possible errors in the composition. We then developed an interactive system, named VisualMelody, that employs the proposed visualization technique to facilitate the understanding of the structure of music compositions. The aim is to allow people to make four-voice music composition in a quick and effective way, that is, avoiding errors, as dictated by classical music theory rules. We have involved 40 people in testing VisualMelody in order to analyze its effectiveness, its usability, and the overall user satisfaction. We partitioned the people involved in the evaluation study into two groups evenly splitting the musical expertise. Then, we had one group use VisualMelody without the visualization facilities and the other using the tool enhanced with our visualization. On average, people in the group that used our visualization were 60% faster and produced music with less errors.
机译：经验丰富的音乐家有能力理解音乐作品的结构要素。通过学习音乐理论，理解指导音乐创作的规则以及数小时的练习，这种能力会随着时间的流逝而建立。学习过程非常困难，特别是对于古典音乐而言，在音乐结构和风格的刚性方面，需要付出巨大的努力来理解，吸收和掌握所学概念。特别是，我们将注意力集中在特定类型的音乐作品上，即合唱风格的音乐（四声音乐）。由于作曲家必须遵守规则，因此创作这类音乐通常被认为是一项艰巨的任务。在本文中，我们提出了一种可视化技术，可以帮助缺乏音乐理论知识的人们使用。该技术利用图形元素来吸引人们注意合成中可能出现的错误。然后，我们开发了一个名为VisualMelody的交互式系统，该系统采用提出的可视化技术来促进对音乐作品结构的理解。目的是使人们能够快速有效地制作四声音乐作品，即避免出现古典音乐理论规则所规定的错误。我们已经有40人参与了VisualMelody的测试，以分析其有效性，可用性和整体用户满意度。我们将参与评估研究的人员分为两组，将音乐专业知识平均分配。然后，我们让一个小组使用VisualMelody而没有可视化工具，另一小组使用我们的可视化增强的工具。平均而言，使用我们的可视化功能的小组中的人们速度提高了60％，并且产生的音乐错误更少。

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