In some applications, it's obvious which type of inspection technology to opt for, since only one of them can reliably detect the contaminants that pose the risk you're trying to mitigate. However, it's not always that straightforward. The two technologies will often succeed or fail depending on two different sets of criteria. Success with metal detectors tends to depend on the materials involved (the product, the packaging and the contamination), while x-ray detectors are more likely to be affected by other parameters such as the shape of product and the mode of transport through the unit, in addition to density differentials.
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