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首页> 外文期刊>Intelligent Transportation Systems, IEEE Transactions on >Local Ramp Metering in the Presence of a Distant Downstream Bottleneck: Theoretical Analysis and Simulation Study
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Local Ramp Metering in the Presence of a Distant Downstream Bottleneck: Theoretical Analysis and Simulation Study

机译：下游瓶颈存在时的本地斜坡计量：理论分析和仿真研究

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摘要

The well-known feedback ramp metering algorithm ALINEA can be applied for local ramp metering or used as a key component in a coordinated ramp metering system. ALINEA uses real-time occupancy measurements from the ramp-flow merging area that may be at most few hundred meters downstream of the metered on-ramp nose. In many practical cases, however, bottlenecks with smaller capacity than the merging area may exist further downstream for various reasons, which suggests using measurements from those further downstream bottlenecks rather than from the merging area. This paper addresses the local ramp metering problem in such a downstream bottleneck case. Theoretical analysis indicates that ALINEA may lead to a poorly damped closed-loop behavior in this case, but PI-ALINEA, which is a suitable proportional–integral (PI) extension of ALINEA, can lead to satisfactory control performance. The stability of the closed-loop ramp metering system with PI-ALINEA is rigorously proved by Lyapunov stability arguments. The root locus method is also employed to analyze the linearized closed-loop system performance of ALINEA and PI-ALINEA with and without a downstream bottleneck to provide insights on both controllers' performance. Simulation studies are conducted using a macroscopic traffic flow model to demonstrate that the ramp metering performance of ALINEA indeed deteriorates in the distant downstream bottleneck case, whereas a significant improvement is obtained using PI-ALINEA. Moreover, with its control parameters appropriately tuned, PI-ALINEA is found to be universally applicable to a range of distances between the on-ramp and downstream bottlenecks. This indicates that little fine-tuning would be necessary in field applications.
机译：众所周知的反馈斜坡测量算法ALINEA可以用于本地斜坡测量，也可以用作协调斜坡测量系统中的关键组件。 ALINEA使用来自斜流合并区域的实时占用率测量值，该区域可能在计量的匝道鼻端下游最多几百米处。但是，在许多实际情况下，由于各种原因，下游可能会存在容量比合并区域小的瓶颈，这建议使用来自其他下游瓶颈而不是合并区域的度量。本文解决了这种下游瓶颈情况下的本地斜坡计量问题。理论分析表明，在这种情况下，ALINEA可能会导致阻尼性能差，但是PI-ALINEA是ALINEA的适当比例积分（PI）扩展，可以带来令人满意的控制性能。 Lyapunov稳定性论证了PI-ALINEA闭环斜坡计量系统的稳定性。根轨迹方法还用于分析ALINEA和PI-ALINEA在有或没有下游瓶颈的情况下的线性化闭环系统性能，以提供有关这两种控制器性能的见解。使用宏观交通流模型进行的仿真研究表明，在遥远的下游瓶颈情况下，ALINEA的斜坡计量性能确实恶化了，而使用PI-ALINEA却获得了显着改善。此外，通过适当调整其控制参数，发现PI-ALINEA普遍适用于匝道和下游瓶颈之间的距离范围。这表明在现场应用中几乎不需要微调。

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