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Deliberative multi-actor dialogues as opportunities for transformative social learning and conflict resolution in international environmental negotiations

机译：协商性多参与者对话，为国际环境谈判中变革性的社会学习和解决冲突提供了机会

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The format for formal international negotiations on environment and development sometimes prevents negotiators from truly listening to each other and adapt pre-existing positions to realize constructive conflict resolution. In this paper we present and analyse Multi-Actor Dialogue Seminars (MADS) as an approach to contribute to transformative social learning and conflict resolution, and the contribution to tangible and intangible outcomes in formal negotiations. Unlike negotiations, the objective of MADS is not to agree on a text, but to identify areas of agreement and disagreement, build trust and understanding and identify policy options that are tailored to different cultural-political and value systems. As a case study we use the breakdown of the negotiations at the formal Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD)Conference in 2010 regarding innovative financial mechanisms, and subsequent two international Quito Dialogues using the MADS approach. Through a composite of methods this article reveals the effects of the Quito Dialogues on formal CBD negotiations. The Quito Dialogues contributed to bringing actors out of their deadlock and thereby paving the way for constructive results in the formal CBD negotiations, evident by references in CBD Decisions adopted by 196 CBD Parties. We discuss key design and implementation factors which were decisive for these effects including the importance of a bridging organization, trust building, exploration of both convergences and divergences, involvement of participants with diverse and conflicting views early in the planning, promotion of active listening and addressing diverse knowledge systems and power asymmetries.
机译：关于环境与发展的正式国际谈判的形式有时使谈判者无法真正听取彼此的意见，也无法适应已有的立场以实现建设性的冲突解决。在本文中，我们介绍并分析多方对话研讨会（MADS），作为有助于变革性社会学习和解决冲突以及在正式谈判中为有形和无形成果做出贡献的一种方法。与谈判不同，MADS的目的不是在文本上达成一致，而是确定共识和分歧的领域，建立信任和理解，并确定适合于不同文化政治和价值体系的政策选择。作为案例研究，我们使用了2010年正式的《生物多样性公约》（CBD）会议上有关创新财务机制的谈判细目，以及随后的两次使用MADS方法的国际基多对话。通过多种方法，本文揭示了基多对话对正式CBD谈判的影响。 《基多对话》有助于使行为者摆脱僵局，从而为正式的《生物多样性公约》谈判取得建设性成果铺平了道路，这一点在196个《生物多样性公约》缔约方通过的《生物多样性公约决定》中得到了明显体现。我们讨论了对这些影响具有决定性意义的关键设计和实施因素，包括建立桥接组织的重要性，建立信任，探索趋同和分歧，在计划的早期就让参与者以不同且相互冲突的观点参与，促进积极的倾听和演讲各种知识体系和权力不对称。

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