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Attitude Analysis of Small Satellites Using Model-Based Simulation

机译：基于模型的小卫星姿态分析

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摘要

CubeSats, and small satellites in general, being small and relatively light, are sensitive to disturbance torques in the orbital environment. We developed a simulation tool that includes models of the major environmental torques and small satellite experiences in low Earth orbit, which allows users to study the attitude response for a given spacecraft and assist in the design of attitude control systems, such as selecting the magnet strength when using passive magnetic stabilization or designing the shape of the spacecraft when using aerodynamic attitude stabilization. The simulation tool named the Smart Nanosatellite Attitude Propagator (SNAP) has been public in precompiled form and widely used since 2010; this paper accompanies the release of SNAP's source code with the inclusion of new models for aerodynamic torque and other new features. Details on internal models are described, including the models for orbit propagation, Earth's magnetic field, gravity gradient torque, spacecraft shape modelling and aerodynamic torque, permanent magnetic dipole torque, and magnetic hysteresis. A discussion is presented on the significance of aerodynamic torque and magnetic hysteresis on a magnetically stabilized 3-unit CubeSat in the orbit of the International Space Station, from which many small satellites are deployed.
机译：立方体卫星以及通常较小且相对较轻的小型卫星，对轨道环境中的扰动扭矩敏感。我们开发了一种仿真工具，其中包括在低地球轨道上的主要环境扭矩和小卫星经验的模型，使用户可以研究给定航天器的姿态响应并协助设计姿态控制系统，例如选择磁体强度当使用被动磁稳定或使用空气动力学姿态稳定时设计航天器的形状时。自2010年以来，已以预编译形式公开了名为Smart Nanosatellite Attitude Propagator（SNAP）的仿真工具；本文与SNAP的源代码一起发布，其中包括用于气动扭矩的新模型和其他新功能。描述了内部模型的详细信息，包括轨道传播模型，地球磁场，重力梯度转矩，航天器形状模型和空气动力学转矩，永磁偶极子转矩以及磁滞。讨论了在国际空间站轨道上由磁稳定的3单元CubeSat上气动扭矩和磁滞现象的重要性，在该空间中部署了许多小型卫星。

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