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Potential Impacts of the European Union's Circular Economy Policy on Japanese Manufacturers

机译：欧盟循环经济政策对日本制造商的潜在影响

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While the European Union's (EU) Circular Economy policy package includes various aspects, such as waste treatment, plastics recycling, reduction of food waste, and remanufacturing, it is essentially an industrial and employment promotion policy. In regard to the promotion of circular businesses, including remanufacturing, product-service system (PSS), and digital platforms, this policy may change the shape of the EU market and the core of market competition. However, many Japanese manufacturers are not aware of the difference between the circular economy and the traditional 3R (reduce, reuse, and recycle) policy and are unfamiliar with the impacts on business competition. The objectives of this paper include an analysis of the EU's Circular Economy (CE) policy and its potential impacts on the Japanese manufacturing industry (as a representative of a non-EU manufacturing industry). First, we summarize the EU's CE Policy and analyze its meaning. Second, as examples of CE implementation, we introduce Ecodesign Directive "Directive 2009/125/EC" and the European companies, Siemens and Veolia. Then, we discuss the implication of EU's CE policy; its double-layered structure, the different attitudes toward CEs among European and Japanese companies, and some notes taken from a CE that may be of importance to Japanese manufacturers. Companies are suggested to be proactively integrate sustainability with their main business activity. Finally, this paper points out key enabling technologies. While there are a lot of technologies related to ecodesign, process technologies, business strategy and planning, and digital technology, an indispensable technology for realizing a CE, is life cycle engineering, which synthesizes a sustainable circulation system, by integrating the technologies mentioned above. We also illustrate a hypothetical scenario in which the traditional manufacturing industry transforms into a life cycle value creating industry.
机译：虽然欧盟（欧盟）循环经济政策套餐包括各个方面，如废物处理，塑料回收，减少食物废物，并再制造，它基本上是一个工业和就业促进政策。关于促进循环业务，包括再制造，产品 - 服务系统（PSS）和数字平台，该政策可能会改变欧盟市场的形状和市场竞争的核心。然而，许多日本制造商并不意识到循环经济与传统的3R（减少，重用和回收）政策之间的差异，并且不熟悉对商业竞争的影响。本文的目标包括对欧盟循环经济（CE）政策的分析及其对日本制造业的潜在影响（作为非欧盟制造业的代表）。首先，我们总结了欧盟的CE政策并分析其含义。其次，作为CE实施的例子，我们介绍了Ecodesign指令“指令2009/125 / EC”，欧洲公司，西门子和威雅。然后，我们讨论欧盟的CE政策的含义;它的双层结构，对欧洲和日本公司之间的不同态度，以及来自日本制造商可能重视的CE中的一些票据。建议公司主动地将可持续性与主要业务活动集成。最后，本文指出了关键的能力技术。虽然有很多与Ecodesign，Process Technologies，业务战略和规划和数字技术有关的技术，但是通过整合上述技术合成可持续循环系统的生命周期工程，这是一种不可或缺的技术。我们还说明了传统制造业转变为创建行业的生命周期价值的假设情景。

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