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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of circuit theory and applications >A subthreshold current-sensing Sigma Delta modulator for low-voltage and low-power sensor interfaces
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A subthreshold current-sensing Sigma Delta modulator for low-voltage and low-power sensor interfaces

机译：亚阈值电流感应Sigma Delta调制器，用于低压和低功耗传感器接口

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摘要

A continuous-time (CT) Sigma Delta modulator for sensing and direct analog-to-digital conversion of nA-range (subthreshold) currents is presented in this work. The presented modulator uses a subthreshold technique based on subthreshold source-coupled logic cells to efficiently convert subthreshold current to digital code without performing current-to-voltage conversion. As a benefit of this technique, the current-sensing CT Sigma Delta modulator operates at low voltage and consumes very low power, which makes it convenient for low-power and low-voltage current-mode sensor interfaces. The prototype design is implemented in a 0.18 mu m standard complementary metal-oxide semiconductor technology. The modulator operates with a supply voltage of 0.8V and consumes 5.43 mu W of power at the maximum bandwidth of 20kHz. The obtainable current-sensing resolution ranges from effective number of bits (ENOB)=7.1bits at a 5kHz bandwidth to ENOB=6.5bits at a 20kHz bandwidth (ENOB). The obtained power efficiency (peak FoM=1.5pJ/conv) outperforms existing current-mode analog-to-digital converter designs and is comparable with the voltage-mode CT Sigma Delta modulators. The modulator generates very low levels of switching noise thanks to CT operation and subthreshold current-mode circuits that draw a constant subthreshold current from the voltage supply. The presented modulator is used as a readout interface for sensors with current-mode output in ultra low-power conditions and is also suitable to perform on-chip current measurements in power management circuits. Copyright (c) 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
机译：在这项工作中提出了一种连续时间（CT）Sigma Delta调制器，用于感应和直接进行nA范围（亚阈值）电流的模数转换。提出的调制器使用基于亚阈值源极耦合逻辑单元的亚阈值技术，有效地将亚阈值电流转换为数字代码，而无需执行电流至电压转换。作为这项技术的一项优势，电流感应CT Sigma Delta调制器在低电压下工作，消耗的功率非常低，这使其非常适合于低功率和低电压电流模式传感器接口。原型设计采用0.18微米标准互补金属氧化物半导体技术实现。调制器以0.8V的电源电压工作，在20kHz的最大带宽下消耗5.43μW的功率。可获得的电流感应分辨率的范围从有效位数（ENOB）= 7.1位（在5kHz带宽）到ENOB = 6.5位（在20kHz带宽（ENOB））。所获得的功率效率（峰值FoM = 1.5pJ / conv）优于现有的电流模式模数转换器设计，并且与电压模式CT Sigma Delta调制器相当。借助CT操作和亚阈值电流模式电路，调制器产生的开关噪声水平非常低，亚阈值电流模式电路从电压源汲取恒定的亚阈值电流。提出的调制器用作超低功耗条件下具有电流模式输出的传感器的读出接口，也适用于在电源管理电路中执行片上电流测量。版权所有（c）2014 John Wiley＆Sons，Ltd.

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