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首页> 外文期刊>International Journal of Coal Geology >Temperature―pressure conditions in coalbed methane reservoirs of the Black Warrior basin: implications for carbon sequestration and enhanced coalbed methane recovery
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Temperature―pressure conditions in coalbed methane reservoirs of the Black Warrior basin: implications for carbon sequestration and enhanced coalbed methane recovery

机译：黑武士盆地煤层气储层的温度-压力条件：对固碳和提高煤层气采收率的意义

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Sorption of gas onto coal is sensitive to pressure and temperature, and carbon dioxide can be a potentially volatile supercritical fluid in coalbed methane reservoirs. More than 5000 wells have been drilled in the coalbed methane fields of the Black Warrior basin in west-central Alabama, and the hydrologic and geothermic information from geophysical well logs provides a robust database that can be used to assess the potential for carbon sequestration in coal-bearing strata. Reservoir temperature within the coalbed methane target zone generally ranges from 80 to 125℉ (27―52℃), and geothermal gradient ranges from 6.0 to 19.9 ℉/1000 ft (10.9―36.2℃/km). Geothermal gradient data have a strong central tendency about a mean of 9.0 ℉/1000 ft(16.4℃/km). Hydrostatic pressure gradients in the coalbed methane fields range from normal (0.43 psi/ft) to extremely underpressured (<0.05 psi/ft). Pressure―depth plots establish a bimodal regime in which 70% of the wells have pressure gradients greater than 0.30 psi/ft, and 20% have pressure gradients lower than 0.10 psi/ft. Pockets of underpressure are developed around deep longwall coal mines and in areas distal to the main hydrologic recharge zone, which is developed in structurally upturned strata along the southeastern margin of the basin. Geothermal gradients within the coalbed methane fields are high enough that reservoirs never cross the gas―liquid condensation line for carbon dioxide. However, reservoirs have potential for supercritical fluid conditions beyond a depth of 2480 ft (756 m) under normally pressured conditions. All target coal beds are subcritically pressured in the northeastern half of the coalbed methane exploration fairway, whereas those same beds were in the supercritical phase window prior to gas production in the southwestern half of the fairway. Although mature reservoirs are dewatered and thus are in the carbon dioxide gas window, supercritical conditions may develop as reservoirs equilibrate toward a normal hydrostatic pressure gradient after abandonment. Coal can hold large quantities of carbon dioxide under supercritical conditions, and supercritical isotherms indicate non-Langmiur conditions under which some carbon dioxide may remain mobile in coal or may react with formation fluids or minerals. Hence, carbon sequestration and enhanced coalbed methane recovery show great promise in subcritical reservoirs, and additional research is required to assess the behavior of carbon dioxide in coal under supercritical conditions where additional sequestration capacity may exist.
机译：气体在煤上的吸附对压力和温度敏感，二氧化碳可能是煤层气储层中潜在的挥发性超临界流体。在阿拉巴马州中西部的黑勇士盆地的煤层气田中已经钻探了5000多口井，地球物理测井记录中的水文和地热信息提供了一个可靠的数据库，可用于评估煤中碳固存的潜力地层。煤层气目标区内的储层温度通常为80至125℉（27〜52℃），地热梯度范围为6.0至19.9℉/ 1000 ft（10.9〜36.2℃/ km）。地热梯度数据具有很强的集中趋势，平均约为9.0℉/ 1000 ft（16.4℃/ km）。煤层气田中的静水压力梯度范围从正常（0.43 psi / ft）到极度欠压（<0.05 psi / ft）。压力深度图建立了一种双峰模式，其中70％的井的压力梯度大于0.30 psi / ft，而20％的井的压力梯度小于0.10 psi / ft。在深长壁煤矿周围和主要水文补给区的远端区域形成了欠压区，该区在盆地东南边缘的构造上倾的地层中发育。煤层气田中的地热梯度足够高，以致储层永远不会越过二氧化碳的气液冷凝线。但是，在常压条件下，储层有可能超过2480英尺（756 m）深度的超临界流体条件。在煤层气勘探航道的东北一半，所有目标煤层都处于亚临界压力之下，而在航道西南一半的天然气生产之前，这些相同的煤层处于超临界相窗口中。尽管成熟的储层被脱水并因此处于二氧化碳气体窗口中，但随着废弃后储层朝着正常静水压力梯度平衡，可能会形成超临界条件。煤在超临界条件下可以容纳大量二氧化碳，超临界等温线表示非朗格缪尔条件，在该条件下某些二氧化碳可能在煤中保持活动性或与地层流体或矿物发生反应。因此，碳封存和提高煤层甲烷的采收率在亚临界油藏中显示出广阔的前景，还需要进行更多的研究来评估超临界条件下煤中二氧化碳的行为，其中可能存在额外的封存能力。

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