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Culture and international trade: evidence from Canada

机译：文化与国际贸易：加拿大的证据

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Purpose - The purpose of this paper is to investigate the effects of culture on international trade. Design/methodology/approach - A measure of the cultural distance is incorporated into the Gravity model to test the marginal effects of cultural variables on bilateral trade between Canada and 53 other countries. In addition to the cultural distance and economic factors, other control variables such as religion and language commonalities are included. Findings - After controlling for the size of GDP and linguistic commonality, the effects of culture on international trade are found to be insignificant. The empirical analysis shows that while the linguistic commonality has positive implications for international trade, the cultural distance and religion commonality do not seem important. Research limitations/implications - What is true for the Canadian international trade may not be true for other countries, especially for developing nations. Moreover, this study is limited to the Schwartz's cultural dimensions. Practical implications - Managers should not stay away from culturally dissimilar partners as long as trade is economically beneficial. Instead, they should pay attention to training bilingual agents and standardizing trade procedures in order to streamline the negative effects of linguistic dissimilarity. Originality/value - This study refutes the generally accepted idea that culture is subversive to any cross-border business activity.
机译：目的-本文的目的是研究文化对国际贸易的影响。设计/方法/方法-将文化距离的度量纳入重力模型，以测试文化变量对加拿大与其他53个国家之间的双边贸易的边际影响。除了文化距离和经济因素之外，还包括其他控制变量，例如宗教和语言共性。发现-在控制了GDP的大小和语言通用性之后，发现文化对国际贸易的影响微不足道。实证分析表明，尽管语言共性对国际贸易具有积极影响，但文化距离和宗教共性似乎并不重要。研究的局限性/意义-对于加拿大国际贸易而言，对其他国家，尤其是发展中国家而言，可能并非如此。而且，这项研究仅限于施瓦茨的文化层面。实际意义-只要贸易在经济上是有利的，管理人员就不应远离具有不同文化背景的合作伙伴。相反，他们应注意培训双语代理人并规范贸易程序，以简化语言差异的负面影响。原创性/价值-这项研究驳斥了普遍接受的观念，即文化会颠覆任何跨境商业活动。

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