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Optimal redundancy allocation for high availability routers

机译：高可用性路由器的最佳冗余分配

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How to optimally allocate redundant routers for high availability (HA) networks is a crucial task. In this paper, a 5-tuple availability function A (N, M, λ, μ, δ) is proposed to determine the minimum required number of standby routers to meet the desired availability (p) of an HA router, where N and M are the numbers of active routers and standby routers, respectively, and λ, μ, and 8 are a single router's failure rate, repair rate, and failure detection and recovery rate, respectively. We have derived the availability function, and analytical results show that the failure detection and recovery rate (δ) is a key parameter for reducing the minimum required number of standby routers of an HA router. Thus, we also propose a High Availability Management (HAM) middleware, which was designed based on an open architecture specification, called OpenAIS, to achieve the goal of reducing takeover delay (1/δ) by stateful backup. We have implemented an HA Open Shortest Path First (HA-OSPF) router, which consists of two active routers and one standby router, to illustrate the proposed HA router. Experimental results show that the takeover delays of the proposed HA-OSPF router were reduced by 6, 37.3, and 98.6% compared with those of the industry standard approaches, the Cisco-ASR 1000 series router, the Juniper MX series router, and the Virtual Router Redundancy Protocol (VRRP) router, respectively. In addition, in contract to the industry routers, the proposed HA router, which was designed based on an open architecture specification, is more cost-effective, and its redundancy model can be more flexibly adjusted.
机译：如何为高可用性（HA）网络最佳地分配冗余路由器是一项至关重要的任务。在本文中，提出了一个五元组可用性函数A（N，M，λ，μ，δ），以确定满足HA路由器的所需可用性（p）的备用路由器的最小所需数量，其中N和M分别是活动路由器和备用路由器的数目，并且λ，μ和8分别是单个路由器的故障率，修复率以及故障检测和恢复率。我们推导了可用性函数，分析结果表明，故障检测和恢复率（δ）是减少HA路由器的最小备用路由器数量的关键参数。因此，我们还提出了一种高可用性管理（HAM）中间件，该中间件是基于称为OpenAIS的开放体系结构规范设计的，以实现通过有状态备份来减少接管延迟（1 /δ）的目标。我们已经实现了HA开放式最短路径优先（HA-OSPF）路由器，该路由器由两个活动路由器和一个备用路由器组成，以说明建议的HA路由器。实验结果表明，与业界标准方法，Cisco-ASR 1000系列路由器，Juniper MX系列路由器和虚拟路由器相比，所建议的HA-OSPF路由器的接管延迟减少了6、37.3和98.6％。路由器冗余协议（VRRP）路由器。此外，根据工业路由器的合同，建议的HA路由器基于开放式体系结构规范进行设计，具有更高的成本效益，并且可以更灵活地调整其冗余模型。

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