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Avoiding the common-wisdom fallacy: The role of social sciences in constitutional adjudication

机译：避免常见的谬论：社会科学在宪法审判中的作用

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摘要

More than one hundred years ago, the US Supreme Court began to refer to social science evidence in its judgments. However, this has not resonated with many constitutional courts outside the United States, in particular, in Continental Europe. This contribution has a twofold aim. First, it tries to show that legal reasoning in constitutional law is often based on empirical assumptions so that there is a strong need for the use of social sciences. However, constitutional courts often lack the necessary expertise to deal with empirical questions. Therefore, I will discuss three potential strategies to make use of social science evidence. Judges can interpret social facts on their own, they can afford a margin of appreciation to the legislature, or they can defer the question to social science experts. It will be argued that none of these strategies is wholly satisfactory, with the result that courts will have to employ a combination of different strategies. In order to illustrate the argument, I will discuss decisions of different jurisdictions, including the United States, Canada, Germany, and South Africa.
机译：一百多年前，美国最高法院开始在其判决中提及社会科学证据。但是，这并未引起美国境外许多宪法法院的共鸣，特别是在欧洲大陆。该贡献具有双重目的。首先，它试图证明宪法中的法律推理通常基于经验假设，因此强烈需要使用社会科学。但是，宪法法院通常缺乏处理经验性问题的必要专业知识。因此，我将讨论三种利用社会科学证据的潜在策略。法官可以自己解释社会事实，可以对立法机关表示赞赏，也可以将问题转交给社会科学专家。有人争辩说，这些策略都不是完全令人满意的，结果法院将不得不采用不同策略的组合。为了说明这一论点，我将讨论包括美国，加拿大，德国和南非在内的不同司法管辖区的决定。

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  • 来源
    《International journal of constitutional law》 |2013年第2期|294-318|共25页
  • 作者

    Niels Petersen;

  • 作者单位

    Max Planck Institute for Research on Collective Goods, Bonn, and Emile Noeel Fellow, New York University School of Law;

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