首页> 外文期刊>International journal of design & nature and ecodynamics >A COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM IN WHICH ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AFFECTS GENE EXPRESSION DURING DEVELOPMENT
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A COMPLEX ADAPTIVE SYSTEM IN WHICH ENVIRONMENTAL STRESS AFFECTS GENE EXPRESSION DURING DEVELOPMENT

机译:环境胁迫影响基因表达的复杂适应系统

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摘要

Dental development is a complex adaptive system influenced by genetic-epigenetic-environmental factors. The mature dentition is a paradigm for general development and is an accessible, permanent record of interactions affecting development from 6 weeks in-utero to 20 years of age. Published research on the dentition of a large group of Romano-Britons has indicated that three major environmental insults acting throughout the developmental period are associated with high frequencies of dental variations. Based on those studies and the literature, the aetiological network incorporates the effects of excessive lead ingestion, poor nutrition and infections on the endocrine and immune systems, epigenome and gene expression. The environmental insults act independently and synergistically on both the endocrine and immune systems, which in turn have reciprocal interactions with each other, as well as on the epigenome. Thus, a complex subnetwork influences the epigenome and modifies one or more of three mechanisms by which it controls gene expression, that is, DNA methylation, post-translational histone modification and microRNA expression. The environmental-epigenetic-genetic interactions behave as a complex adaptive system that can be illustrated in a network diagram. The epigenetic modifications can have long-term health effects in the individual and some may also be heritable.
机译:牙齿发育是受基因表观遗传环境因素影响的复杂适应系统。成熟的牙列是一般发育的范例,并且是从宫内6周到20岁的影响发育的相互作用的可访问的永久记录。对大量罗马诺-不列颠人的牙列的已发表研究表明,在整个发育时期内发生的三大环境损害与牙齿变异的频繁发生有关。根据这些研究和文献,病原学网络包括过量摄入铅,营养不良和感染对内分泌和免疫系统,表观基因组和基因表达的影响。环境侮辱对内分泌和免疫系统均具有独立和协同作用,而内分泌和免疫系统又相互之间以及对表观基因组具有相互的相互作用。因此,复杂的子网络会影响表观基因组并修饰其控制基因表达的三种机制中的一种或多种,​​即DNA甲基化,翻译后组蛋白修饰和microRNA表达。环境-表观遗传-遗传相互作用表现为一个复杂的自适应系统,可以在网络图中进行说明。表观遗传修饰可以对个体产生长期的健康影响,有些还可以遗传。

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