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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of digital crime and forensics >Ruler Detection for Autoscaling Forensic Images
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Ruler Detection for Autoscaling Forensic Images

机译：自动缩放法医图像的标尺检测

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摘要

The assessment of forensic photographs often requires the calibration of the resolution of the image so that accurate measurements can be taken of crime-scene exhibits or latent marks. In the case of latent marks, such as fingerprints, image calibration to a given dots-per-inch is a necessary step for image segmentation, preprocessing, extraction of feature minutiae and subsequent fingerprint matching. To enable scaling, such photographs are taken with forensic rulers in the frame so that image pixel distances can be converted to standard measurement units (metric or imperial). In forensic bureaus, this is commonly achieved by manual selection of two or more points on the ruler within the image, and entering the units of the measure distance. The process can be laborious and inaccurate, especially when the ruler graduations are indistinct because of poor contrast, noise or insufficient resolution. Here the authors present a fully automated method for detecting and estimating the direction and graduation spacing of rulers in forensic photographs. The method detects the location of the ruler in the image and then uses spectral analysis to estimate the direction and wavelength of the ruler graduations. The authors detail the steps of the algorithm and demonstrate the accuracy of the estimation on both a calibrated set of test images and a wide collection of good and poor quality crime-scene images. The method is shown to be fast and accurate and has wider application in other imaging disciplines, such as radiography, archaeology and surveying.
机译：法医照片的评估通常需要校准图像的分辨率，以便可以对犯罪现场的展览品或潜在标记进行准确的测量。对于诸如指纹的潜在标记，将图像校准到给定的每英寸点数是图像分割，预处理，特征细节提取和后续指纹匹配的必要步骤。为了进行缩放，可以使用取证标尺在帧中拍摄此类照片，以便可以将图像像素距离转换为标准测量单位（公制或英制）。在法务局中，通常通过手动选择图像中标尺上的两个或更多点并输入测量距离的单位来实现。此过程可能很费力且不准确，尤其是当由于对比度差，噪点或分辨率不足而导致标尺刻度不清楚时。在这里，作者提出了一种用于检测和估计法医照片中标尺的方向和刻度间距的全自动方法。该方法检测标尺在图像中的位置，然后使用光谱分析来估计标尺刻度的方向和波长。作者详细介绍了算法的步骤，并论证了校准后的测试图像集以及各种优质和劣质犯罪现场图像的估计准确性。该方法被证明是快速，准确的，并且在放射成像，考古学和勘测等其他成像学科中具有广泛的应用。

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