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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of emergency management >Preparing and responding to mass-casualty terrorist attacks: a comparative analysis of four terrorist attacks targeting rail bound traffic
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Preparing and responding to mass-casualty terrorist attacks: a comparative analysis of four terrorist attacks targeting rail bound traffic

机译：准备和应对大规模杀伤性恐怖袭击：对四次针对铁路交通的恐怖袭击的比较分析

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This paper addresses the challenging task of responding to terrorist attacks targeting rail bound traffic and provides a multi-level framework for analysis of such complex attacks. Major mass-casualty attacks are particularly challenging to emergency management and there is a knowledge gap concerning how to prepare for and respond to such extraordinary events. This paper categorises a rich empirical material from four major attacks on rail bound traffic and concludes that decisive components of the emergency management response in the four cases are related to 'agent-generated demands'. Additional complicating factors emerge since each response is carried out in a specific terrorism context. Examples include sense-making difficulties, scene safety and terrorism-specific injuries. Another conclusion is that the development of knowledge and awareness about such challenges and the incorporation of such knowledge in training and response plans are pivotal to future emergency management.
机译：本文解决了应对针对铁路交通的恐怖袭击的艰巨任务，并提供了用于分析此类复杂袭击的多层次框架。重大的大规模伤亡袭击对紧急事件的处理尤其具有挑战性，并且在如何准备和应对此类特殊事件方面存在知识空白。本文从对铁路交通的四次重大攻击中归类了丰富的经验材料，并得出结论认为，在这四种情况下，应急管理响应的决定性因素与“代理商产生的需求”有关。由于每个响应都是在特定的恐怖主义环境中进行的，因此还会出现其他复杂因素。这样的例子包括感觉困难，现场安全和特定于恐怖主义的伤害。另一个结论是，对此类挑战的知识和意识的发展以及在培训和响应计划中纳入此类知识对未来的应急管理至关重要。

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