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首页> 外文期刊>International journal of green energy >Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Pakistan: Empirical evidence form ARDL bound testing and causality approach
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Environmental Kuznets Curve hypothesis for Pakistan: Empirical evidence form ARDL bound testing and causality approach

机译：巴基斯坦的环境库兹涅茨曲线假说：来自ARDL界线检验和因果关系方法的经验证据

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摘要

This study examines the existence of environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) in the perspective of Pakistan over the period of 1970-2016. For this persistence, the impact of GDP per capita, trade openness, financial development, energy consumption, and foreign direct investment on CO2 emissions is empirically scrutinized within the EKC structure. The study employed the autoregressive distributed lagged (ARDL) bound test to scrutinize the long-run relationship between the variables. For robustness, the study applied the dynamic ordinary least square technique. The Granger causality test is implemented to investigate the causal relationship between the variables for short- and long-run. The experimental results of ARDL bound test method recommend the existence of EKC hypothesis for Pakistan. The causality test outcomes indicate that energy consumption and CO2 emissions have a bidirectional relationship, whereas the other variables unidirectional cause the CO2 emissions. The unidirectional causality from other variables toward CO2 emissions supports the confirmation of the EKC hypothesis as this seems in the countries where the EKC is authenticated. These findings recommend that the regulator authorities need to enlarge investment in different new energy plans that might contribute to the exertions of climate extenuation.
机译：这项研究从巴基斯坦的角度考察了1970-2016年间环境库兹涅茨曲线（EKC）的存在。为了保持这种持久性，在EKC结构内，经验考察了人均GDP，贸易开放度，金融发展，能源消耗和外国直接投资对CO2排放的影响。该研究采用自回归分布滞后（ARDL）约束检验来研究变量之间的长期关系。为了提高鲁棒性，该研究应用了动态普通最小二乘法。进行格兰杰因果关系检验是为了研究短期和长期变量之间的因果关系。 ARDL结合测试方法的实验结果建议巴基斯坦存在EKC假设。因果关系测试结果表明，能源消耗和CO2排放具有双向关系，而其他变量则是单向的，从而导致CO2排放。其他变量对CO2排放的单向因果关系支持EKC假设的确认，因为在EKC认证的国家中似乎如此。这些发现表明，监管机构需要加大对不同新能源计划的投资，这些新能源计划可能有助于缓解气候变化。

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